| 1The word that the Lord spoke concerning Babylon, concerning the land of the Chaldeans, by Jeremiah the prophet. |
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אהַדָּבָ֗ר אֲשֶׁ֨ר דִּבֶּ֧ר יְהֹוָ֛ה אֶל־בָּבֶ֖ל אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ כַּשְׂדִּ֑ים בְּיַ֖ד יִרְמְיָ֥הוּ הַנָּבִֽיא: |
| 2Tell among the nations and let it be heard and raise a standard; let them hear and do not hide it. Say, "Babylon has been taken, Bel has been shamed, Merodach is dismayed, her images have been shamed, her idols have been dismayed. |
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בהַגִּ֨ידוּ בַגּוֹיִ֚ם וְהַשְׁמִ֙יעוּ֙ וּֽשְׂאוּ־נֵ֔ס הַשְׂמִ֖יעוּ אַל־תְּכַחֵ֑דוּ אִמְרוּ֩ נִלְכְּדָ֨ה בָבֶ֜ל הֹבִ֥ישׁ בֵּל֙ חַ֣ת מְרֹדָ֔ךְ הֹבִ֣ישׁוּ עֲצַבֶּ֔יהָ חַ֖תּוּ גִּלּוּלֶֽיהָ: |
| and raise a standard. (Perche in French.) That is a signal for gathering. |
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ושאו נס.
פורק"א בלע"ז סימן אסיפה הוא:
|
| Bel… Merodach. The names of the Babylonian deities. |
|
בל.
ומרודך שמות עבודת כוכבים של בבל:
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| 3For a nation has marched against her from the north; he shall make her land a desolation, and no one shall dwell therein; both man and beast have wandered, yea they have gone. |
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גכִּ֣י עָלָה֩ עָלֶ֨יהָ גּ֜וֹי מִצָּפ֗וֹן הֽוּא־יָשִׁ֚ית אֶת־אַרְצָהּ֙ לְשַׁמָּ֔ה וְלֹֽא־יִהְיֶ֥ה יוֹשֵׁ֖ב בָּ֑הּ מֵֽאָדָ֥ם וְעַד־בְּהֵמָ֖ה נָ֥דוּ הָלָֽכוּ: |
| a nation… from the north. [viz.] Persia and Media. |
|
גוי מצפון.
מדי ופרס:
|
| 4In those days and in that time, says the Lord, the children of Israel shall come, they and the children of Judah together; they shall go along weeping, and they shall seek the Lord their God. |
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דבַּיָּמִ֨ים הָהֵ֜מָּה וּבָעֵ֚ת הַהִיא֙ נְאֻם־יְהֹוָ֔ה יָבֹ֧אוּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל הֵ֥מָּה וּבְנֵֽי־יְהוּדָ֖ה יַחְדָּ֑ו הָל֚וֹךְ וּבָכוֹ֙ יֵלֵ֔כוּ וְאֶת־יְהֹוָ֥ה אֱלֹֽהֵיהֶ֖ם יְבַקֵּֽשׁוּ: |
| 5They shall inquire of Zion; their faces are directed hitherward. "Come and join the Lord [with] an everlasting covenant that shall not be forgotten." |
|
הצִיּ֣וֹן יִשְׁאָ֔לוּ דֶּ֖רֶךְ הֵ֣נָּה פְנֵיהֶ֑ם בֹּאוּ וְנִלְו֣וּ אֶל־יְהֹוָ֔ה בְּרִ֥ית עוֹלָ֖ם לֹ֥א תִשָּׁכֵֽחַ: |
| are directed hitherward. Toward this place, Jerusalem, they shall direct their faces when Babylon will be destroyed and they will leave it with the sanction of Cyrus, king of Persia. |
|
דרך הנה.
דרך המקום הזה ירושלים יסבו פניהם כשתחרב בבל ויצאו מתוכה ברשיון כורש מלך פרס:
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| 6My people were lost sheep, their shepherds caused them to stray, [to the] mountains [they] led them astray; from mountain to hill they went, they forgot their resting place. |
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וצֹ֚אן אֹֽבְדוֹת֙ הָי֣וּ (כתיב הָיֻ֣ה) עַמִּ֔י רֹֽעֵיהֶ֣ם הִתְע֔וּם הָרִ֖ים שֽׁוֹבְב֑וּם (כתיב שֽׁוֹבְב֑יּם) מֵהַ֚ר אֶל־גִּבְעָה֙ הָלָ֔כוּ שָֽׁכְח֖וּ רִבְצָֽם: |
| their shepherds caused them to stray. Their kings caused them to stray away from Me. |
|
רועיהם התעום.
גדוליהם התעום מעלי:
|
| mountains… led them astray. To the mountains, to the idol worship that was on the mountains. שׁוֹבְבוּם (esvayent in O.F.), led astray, their kings led them astray. And Jonathan rendered: their governors plundered them. |
|
הרים שובבים.
אל ההרים אל עבודת כוכבים שבהרים, שובבום אנווייזאנ"ץ בלע"ז שובבום מלכיהם, וי"ת הרים שובבום שלטוניא בזונון:
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| 7All who found them devoured them, and their adversaries said, "We are not to blame because they sinned against the Lord, the habitation of justice and the hope of their forefathers-the Lord." |
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זכָּל־מֹצְֽאֵיהֶ֣ם אֲכָל֔וּם וְצָֽרֵיהֶ֥ם אָֽמְר֖וּ לֹ֣א נֶאְשָׁ֑ם תַּ֗חַת אֲשֶׁ֨ר חָֽטְא֚וּ לַֽיהֹוָה֙ נְוֵה־צֶ֔דֶק וּמִקְוֵ֥ה אֲבֽוֹתֵיהֶ֖ם יְהֹוָֽה: |
| and the hope of their forefathers. Jonathan renders: וְסִבּוּר אֲבָהָתְהוֹן, and the hope of their forefathers. |
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ומקוה אבותיהם.
וסבור אבהתהון:
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| 8Wander out of Babylon and go out of the land of the Chaldeans, and be like the he-goats before the flocks. |
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חנֻדוּ מִתּ֣וֹךְ בָּבֶ֔ל וּמֵאֶ֥רֶץ כַּשְׂדִּ֖ים צֵ֑אוּ (כתיב יצֵ֑אוּ) וִֽהְי֕וּ כְּעַתּוּדִ֖ים לִפְנֵי־צֹֽאן: |
| Wander out of Babylon. Accordingly, go out of there. |
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נודו מתוך בבל.
מעתה צאו משם:
|
| like the he goats before the flocks. It is customary for the he-goats to go before the flock, at the head of the she-goats. |
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כעתודים לפני צאן.
דרך העתודים ללכת לפני העדר בראש העזים:
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| 9For behold I am arousing and bringing up upon Babylon an alliance of great nations from the north land, and they shall set themselves in array against her, from there she shall be taken; his arrows are like [those of] a mighty man who bereaves, it shall not return empty. |
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טכִּ֣י הִנֵּ֣ה אָנֹכִ֡י מֵעִיר֩ וּמַעֲלֶ֨ה עַל־בָּבֶ֜ל קְהַל־גּוֹיִ֚ם גְּדֹלִים֙ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ צָפ֔וֹן וְעָ֣רְכוּ לָ֔הּ מִשָּׁ֖ם תִּלָּכֵ֑ד חִצָּיו֙ כְּגִבּ֣וֹר מַשְׁכִּ֔יל לֹ֥א יָשׁ֖וּב רֵיקָֽם: |
| and they shall set themselves in array against her. They shall array themselves in battle against her. |
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וערכו לה.
ויסדרון עלה קרב:
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| 10And the [land of the] Chaldeans shall become a prey; all who prey upon it shall be sated, says the Lord. |
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יוְהָֽיְתָ֥ה כַשְׂדִּ֖ים לְשָׁלָ֑ל כָּל־שֹֽׁלְלֶ֥יהָ יִשְׂבָּ֖עוּ נְאֻם־יְהֹוָֽה: |
| 11As you rejoice, as you jubilate, O spoilers of My heritage, as you become fat like a threshing heifer, and you neigh as strong horses, |
|
יאכִּ֚י תִשְׂמְחוּ֙ (כתיב תִשְׂמְחיּ֙) כִּ֣י תַעַלְז֔וּ (כתיב תַעַלְז֔יּ) שֹׁסֵ֖י נַֽחֲלָתִ֑י כִּי תָפ֙וּשׁוּ֙ (כתיב תָפ֙וּשׁיּ֙) כְּעֶגְלָ֣ה דָשָׁ֔ה וְתִצְהֲל֖וּ (כתיב וְתִצְהֲל֖יּ) כָּֽאַבִּרִֽים: |
| O spoilers of My heritage. Heb. שֹּׁסֵי. |
|
שוסי נחלתי.
בוזזי נחלתי:
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| as you become fat. Heb. תפושו, an expression of fat. |
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כי תפושו.
ל' שומן:
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| a threshing heifer. Heb. דשא, a heifer that threshes the grain and eats constantly. |
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כעגלה דשה.
הדשה בתבואה ואוכלת תמיד:
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| 12your mother has been exceedingly shamed, she who bore you has been embarrassed; behold the end of the nations is desert, wasteland, and a barren plain. |
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יבבּ֚וֹשָׁה אִמְּכֶם֙ מְאֹ֔ד חָֽפְרָ֖ה יֽוֹלַדְתְּכֶ֑ם הִנֵּה֙ אַֽחֲרִ֣ית גּוֹיִ֔ם מִדְבָּ֖ר צִיָּ֥ה וַֽעֲרָבָֽה: |
| Your mother. Your nation. |
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אמכם.
כניסתכם:
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| the end of the nations. Although your beginning was great, your end will be a desert. |
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אחרית.
אתם הכשדים אם ראשיתכם גדול אחריתכם יהיו מדבר:
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| 13Because of the wrath of the Lord, she shall not be inhabited, and all of her shall be desolate; whoever passes by Babylon shall be amazed and hiss about all her plagues. |
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יגמִקֶּ֚צֶף יְהֹוָה֙ לֹ֣א תֵשֵׁ֔ב וְהָֽיְתָ֥ה שְׁמָמָ֖ה כֻּלָּ֑הּ כֹּל עֹבֵ֣ר עַל־בָּבֶ֔ל יִשֹּׁ֥ם וְיִשְׁרֹ֖ק עַל־כָּל־מַכּוֹתֶֽיהָ: |
| 14Set yourselves in array against Babylon all around, all you who bend the bow, shoot at her, spare no arrow, for she has sinned against the Lord. |
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ידעִרְכ֨וּ עַל־בָּבֶ֚ל | סָבִיב֙ כָּל־דֹּ֣רְכֵי קֶ֔שֶׁת יְד֣וּ אֵלֶ֔יהָ אַל־תַּחְמְל֖וּ אֶל־חֵ֑ץ כִּ֥י לַֽיהֹוָ֖ה חָטָֽאָה: |
| shoot at her. Heb. ידו, cast stones at her. Cf. “And they cast (וידוּ) stones at me” (Lam. 3:53). |
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ידו אליה.
זרקו לה אבנים כמו וידו אבן בי (איכה ג׳:נ״ג):
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| 15Shout against her all around; she gave her hand, her foundations have fallen, her walls are torn down, for it is the Lord's vengeance; wreak vengeance upon her: as she did, do to her. |
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טוהָרִ֨יעוּ עָלֶ֚יהָ סָבִיב֙ נָֽתְנָ֣ה יָדָ֔הּ נָֽפְלוּ֙ אָשְׁיוֹתֶ֔יהָ (כתיב אָשְׁויֹתֶ֔יהָ) נֶֽהֶרְס֖וּ חֽוֹמוֹתֶ֑יהָ כִּי֩ נִקְמַ֨ת יְהֹוָ֥ה הִיא֙ הִנָּ֣קְמוּ בָ֔הּ כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֥ר עָֽשְׂתָ֖ה עֲשׂוּ־לָֽהּ: |
| she gave her hand. like a person who has no strength and stretches forth his hand to whomever he sees, to beg mercy and aid. Cf. "We gave our hand to Egypt" (Lam. 5:6). |
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ונתנה ידה.
כאדם שאין בו כח ומושיט יד לכל מי שרואה לבקש רחמים ועזרה וכן מצרים נתנו יד (שם ה) הושטנו יד למצרים לבקש מהם עזרה:
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| her foundations have fallen. Heb. אשיותיה. The strength of her foundations. Cf. “And the foundations (וְאֻשַּׁיָא) shall be fastened” (Ezra 4:12). And in the language of the Mishnah: Those who dig for foundations (לְאֻשִׁין) [Baba Kamma 50a]. Cf. “And strengthen yourselves (והתאוששוּ)” (Isa. 46:8), equivalent to והתחזקוּ, and strengthen yourselves. |
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אשיותיה.
חוזק יסודותיה וכן ואשיא יחיטו (עזרא ד׳:י״ב) ובלשון משנה כגון אלו התופרים לאושין וכן והתאוששו והתחזקו:
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| as she did. to the city of the Lord. |
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כאשר עשתה.
לעיר ה':
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| 16Cut off a sower from Babylon and one who grasps a sickle at the time of harvest; because of the intoxicating sword, every man shall turn to his people, and every man shall flee to his land. |
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טזכִּרְת֚וּ זוֹרֵ֙עַ֙ מִבָּבֶ֔ל וְתֹפֵ֥שׂ מַגָּ֖ל בְּעֵ֣ת קָצִ֑יר מִפְּנֵי֙ חֶ֣רֶב הַיּוֹנָ֔ה אִ֚ישׁ אֶל־עַמּוֹ֙ יִפְנ֔וּ וְאִ֥ישׁ לְאַרְצ֖וֹ יָנֽוּסוּ: |
| Cut off a sower. Destroy a king from Babylon and one who grasps a sword in time of slaughter. |
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כרתו זורע.
שיצו מלכא מבבל ואחידו חרבא בעידן קטול:
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| 17A scattered sheep is Israel which lions have driven away. First the king of Assyria devoured him, and this last one broke his bones, Nebuchadrezzar the king of Babylon. |
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יזשֶׂ֧ה פְזוּרָ֛ה יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֲרָי֣וֹת הִדִּ֑יחוּ הָֽרִאשׁ֚וֹן אֲכָלוֹ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ אַשּׁ֔וּר וְזֶ֚ה הָֽאַֽחֲרוֹן֙ עִצְּמ֔וֹ נְבֽוּכַדְרֶאצַּ֖ר מֶ֥לֶךְ בָּבֶֽל: |
| First… devoured him. For he exiled the Ten Tribes. |
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הראשון אכלו.
שהגלה י' השבטים:
|
| broke his bones. He broke his bones, for he finished the leftovers, Judah and Benjamin. עִצְמוֹ (desossa in French), [broke the bones]. |
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עצמו.
גרמו גירם עצמותיו שגמר השיריים יהודה ובנימן, עצמו דישושא"ר בלע"ז:
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| 18Therefore, so said the Lord of Hosts, the God of Israel; Behold I visit retribution upon the king of Babylon and upon his land, as I visited upon the king of Assyria. |
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יחלָכֵ֗ן כֹּֽה־אָמַ֞ר יְהֹוָ֚ה צְבָאוֹת֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל הִֽנְנִ֥י פֹקֵ֛ד אֶל־מֶ֥לֶךְ בָּבֶ֖ל וְאֶל־אַרְצ֑וֹ כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֥ר פָּקַ֖דְתִּי אֶל־מֶ֥לֶךְ אַשּֽׁוּר: |
| 19And I will return Israel to his dwelling and he shall pasture in the Carmel and the Bashan, and in Mount Ephraim and Gilead shall his soul be sated. |
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יטוְשֹֽׁבַבְתִּ֚י אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֶל־נָוֵ֔הוּ וְרָעָ֥ה הַכַּרְמֶ֖ל וְהַבָּשָׁ֑ן וּבְהַ֥ר אֶפְרַ֛יִם וְהַגִּלְעָ֖ד תִּשְׂבַּ֥ע נַפְשֽׁוֹ: |
| and he shall pasture in the Carmel. An expression of pasture. |
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ורעה הכרמל.
ל' מרעה:
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| 20In those days and at that time, says the Lord, the iniquity of Israel shall be sought, but it shall not be there, and the sins of Judah, but they shall not be found, for I will forgive those I leave over. |
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כבַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵם֩ וּבָעֵ֨ת הַהִ֜יא נְאֻם־יְהֹוָ֗ה יְבֻקַּ֞שׁ אֶת־עֲוֹ֚ן יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וְאֵינֶ֔נּוּ וְאֶת־חַטֹּ֥את יְהוּדָ֖ה וְלֹ֣א תִמָּצֶ֑אינָה כִּ֥י אֶסְלַ֖ח לַֽאֲשֶׁ֥ר אַשְׁאִֽיר: |
| 21Upon the rebellious land, march upon her, and upon the inhabitants of Pekod; slay with the sword and utterly destroy after them, says the Lord, and do according to all that I have commanded you. |
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כאעַל־הָאָ֚רֶץ מְרָתַ֙יִם֙ עֲלֵ֣ה עָלֶ֔יהָ וְאֶל־יֽוֹשְׁבֵ֖י פְּק֑וֹד חֲרֹ֨ב וְהַֽחֲרֵ֚ם אַֽחֲרֵיהֶם֙ נְאֻם־יְהֹוָ֔ה וַֽעֲשֵׂ֕ה כְּכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוִּיתִֽיךָ: |
| the rebellious land. Heb. מרתים, which rebelled against Me and provoked Me. |
|
מרתים.
שהמרתני והרגזתני:
|
| Pekod. The name of a province. Cf. “Pekod and Shoa and Koa” (Ezekiel 23:23). Jonathan renders [them as] names of provinces. |
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פקוד.
שם מדינה וכן פקוד ושוע וקוע (יחזקאל כ״ג:כ״ג) ת"י שם מדינות:
|
| and do according to all that I have commanded you. You, Cyrus, through Isaiah the prophet. |
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ועשה ככל אשר צויתיך.
אתה כורש ביד ישעיה הנביא (מ"ה):
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| 22The sound of war is in the land and great destruction. |
|
כבק֥וֹל מִלְחָמָ֖ה בָּאָ֑רֶץ וְשֶׁ֖בֶר גָּדֽוֹל: |
| 23How is the hammer of the whole earth cut asunder and broken? How has Babylon become a desolation among the nations? |
|
כגאֵ֚יךְ נִגְדַּע֙ וַיִּשָּׁבֵ֔ר פַּטִּ֖ישׁ כָּל־הָאָ֑רֶץ אֵ֣יךְ הָֽיְתָ֧ה לְשַׁמָּ֛ה בָּבֶ֖ל בַּגּוֹיִֽם: |
| the hammer of the whole earth. which would shatter and crush everyone. |
|
פטיש כל הארץ.
שהיה מפוצץ ומכתת את הכל:
|
| 24I laid a snare for you, and you were also taken, O Babylon, and you were unaware; you were discovered and you were also seized, for you have stricken against the Lord. |
|
כדיָקֹ֨שְׁתִּי לָ֚ךְ וְגַם־נִלְכַּדְתְּ֙ בָּבֶ֔ל וְאַ֖תְּ לֹ֣א יָדָ֑עַתְּ נִמְצֵאת֙ וְגַם־נִתְפַּ֔שְׂתְּ כִּ֥י בַֽיהֹוָ֖ה הִתְגָּרִֽית: |
| I laid a snare for you. Heb. יקשתי, an expression of a snare (מוֹקֵש). |
|
יקשתי לך.
לשון מוקש:
|
| 25The Lord has opened his treasury and has taken out the weapons of His fury, for the Lord God has work in the land of the Chaldeans. |
|
כהפָּתַ֚ח יְהֹוָה֙ אֶת־א֣וֹצָר֔וֹ וַיּוֹצֵ֖א אֶת־כְּלֵ֣י זַעְמ֑וֹ כִּֽי־מְלָאכָ֣ה הִ֗יא לַֽאדֹנָ֧י יֱהֹוִ֛ה צְבָא֖וֹת בְּאֶ֥רֶץ כַּשְׂדִּֽים: |
| 26Come against her from the border, open her gates, thresh her like stacks of grain and utterly destroy her: let her have no remnant. |
|
כובֹּֽאוּ־לָ֚הּ מִקֵּץ֙ פִּתְח֣וּ מַֽאֲבֻסֶ֔יהָ סָלּ֥וּהָ כְמוֹ־עֲרֵמִ֖ים וְהַֽחֲרִימ֑וּהָ אַל־תְּהִי־לָ֖הּ שְׁאֵרִֽית: |
| Come against her from her border. From the end of the city, commence upon her, that she not know, and she will be taken suddenly. |
|
באו לה מקץ.
מסוף העיר התחילו בה שלא תדע ותתפש פתאום:
|
| open her gates. Jonathan renders: אִבּוּלָהָא, her gates, but it has no similar instance [in Scripture]. Menahem (Machbereth p. 14) classifies it as an expression of a manger. |
|
פתחו מאבוסיה.
ת"י אבולהא שעריה ואין לו דמיון, ומנחם חברו לשון אבוס:
|
| thresh her. Heb. סלוה. |
|
סלוה.
דושו אותה:
|
| stacks. Granaries. |
|
כמו ערמים.
גרנות:
|
| 27Slay all her bulls with the sword, let them go down to the slaughter; woe is to them for their day has come, the time of their visitation. |
|
כזחִרְבוּ֙ כָּל־פָּרֶ֔יהָ יֵֽרְד֖וּ לַטָּ֑בַח ה֣וֹי עֲלֵיהֶ֔ם כִּי־בָ֥א יוֹמָ֖ם עֵ֥ת פְּקֻדָּתָֽם: |
| all her bulls. Her princes. So is the custom of the prophets to compare the princes to mighty bulls and to he-goats. |
|
כל פריה.
שריה כן דרך הנביאי' להמשיל השרים לפרים אבירים ולעתודים:
|
| 28Hearken to those fleeing and escaping from the land of Babylon to tell in Zion the vengeance of the Lord our God, the vengeance of His Temple. |
|
כחק֥וֹל נָסִ֛ים וּפְלֵטִ֖ים מֵאֶ֣רֶץ בָּבֶ֑ל לְהַגִּ֣יד בְּצִיּ֗וֹן אֶת־נִקְמַת֙ יְהֹוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֔ינוּ נִקְמַ֖ת הֵֽיכָלֹֽו: |
| 29Gather archers against Babylon, all those who bend the bow, encamp against her all around. Let her have no escape. Recompense her according to her deed; according to all that she has done, do to her, for she has dealt wickedly with the Lord, with the Holy One of Israel. |
|
כטהַשְׁמִ֣יעוּ אֶל־בָּבֶ֣ל | רַ֠בִּים כָּל־דֹּ֨רְכֵי קֶ֜שֶׁת חֲנ֧וּ עָלֶ֣יהָ סָבִ֗יב אַל־יְהִי־ ( לָהּ֙ קרי ולא כתיב ) פְּלֵיטָ֔ה שַׁלְּמוּ־לָ֣הּ כְּפָֽעֳלָ֔הּ כְּכֹ֛ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָֽשְׂתָ֖ה עֲשׂוּ־לָ֑הּ כִּ֧י אֶל־יְהֹוָ֛ה זָ֖דָה אֶל־קְד֥וֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵֽל: |
| Gather archers against Babylon. Heb. השמיעו, an expression similar to: “And Saul called the people together (וַיְשַׁמַע)” (I Sam. 15:4). Call out that archers assemble against Babylon. Cf. “His archers (רַבָּיו) surround me” (Job 16:13). |
|
השמיעו אל בבל רבים.
ל' וישמע שאול את העם (שמואל טז) הזעיקו להאסף אל בבל מורים בחצים כמו יסובו עלי רביו (איוב ט״ז:י״ג):
|
| 30Therefore, her youths shall fall in her broad places, and all her warriors they shall be cut off on that day, says the Lord. |
|
ללָכֵ֛ן יִפְּל֥וּ בַחוּרֶ֖יהָ בִּרְחֹֽבֹתֶ֑יהָ וְכָל־אַנְשֵׁ֨י מִלְחַמְתָּ֥הּ יִדַּ֛מּוּ בַּיּ֥וֹם הַה֖וּא נְאֻם־יְהֹוָֽה: |
| Therefore. An expression of an oath. |
|
לכן.
ל' שבועה:
|
| 31Behold I am against you, O [man of] wickedness, says the Lord God of Hosts, for your day has come, the time I visit retribution upon you. |
|
לאהִנְנִ֚י אֵלֶ֙יךָ֙ זָד֔וֹן נְאֻם־אֲדֹנָ֥י יֱהֹוִ֖ה צְבָא֑וֹת כִּ֛י בָּ֥א יֽוֹמְךָ֖ עֵ֥ת פְּקַדְתִּֽיךָ: |
| 32And [the man of] wickedness shall stumble and fall, and he shall have no one to raise him up, and I will kindle fire in his cities, and it shall consume all those around him. |
|
לבוְכָשַׁ֚ל זָדוֹן֙ וְנָפַ֔ל וְאֵ֥ין לֹ֖ו מֵקִ֑ים וְהִצַּ֚תִּי אֵשׁ֙ בְּעָרָ֔יו וְאָֽכְלָ֖ה כָּל־סְבִֽיבֹתָֽיו: |
| 33So said the Lord of Hosts: The children of Israel and the children of Judah are plundered together, and all their captors have held onto them, they have refused to release them. |
|
לגכֹּ֚ה אָמַר֙ יְהֹוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת עֲשׁוּקִ֛ים בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֥ל וּבְנֵֽי־יְהוּדָ֖ה יַחְדָּ֑ו וְכָל־שֹֽׁבֵיהֶם֙ הֶֽחֱזִ֣יקוּ בָ֔ם מֵֽאֲנ֖וּ שַׁלְּחָֽם: |
| 34Their Redeemer is mighty; the Lord of Hosts is His name, He shall surely plead their cause, in order to give rest to the earth and unrest to the inhabitants of Babylon. |
|
לדגֹּֽאֲלָ֣ם | חָזָ֗ק יְהֹוָ֚ה צְבָאוֹת֙ שְׁמ֔וֹ רִ֥יב יָרִ֖יב אֶת־רִיבָ֑ם לְמַ֙עַן֙ הִרְגִּ֣יעַ אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ וְהִרְגִּ֖יז לְיֹֽשְׁבֵ֥י בָבֶֽל: |
| in order to give rest to the earth. When Babylon falls, there will be rest and peace for all. |
|
הרגיע את הארץ.
כשתפול בבל יהי מרגוע והנחה לכל:
|
| 35A sword is upon the Chaldeans, says the Lord, and upon the inhabitants of Babylon and upon her princes and upon her wise men. |
|
להחֶ֥רֶב עַל־כַּשְׂדִּ֖ים נְאֻם־יְהֹוָ֑ה וְאֶל־יֹֽשְׁבֵ֣י בָבֶ֔ל וְאֶל־שָׂרֶ֖יהָ וְאֶל־חֲכָמֶֽיהָ: |
| 36A sword is upon the imposters and they shall become foolish; a sword is upon her mighty men, and they shall become dismayed. |
|
לוחֶ֥רֶב אֶל־הַבַּדִּ֖ים וְנֹאָ֑לוּ חֶ֥רֶב אֶל־גִּבּוֹרֶ֖יהָ וָחָֽתּוּ: |
| upon the imposters. Heb. הבדים, to her diviners. |
|
אל הבדים.
אל הקוסמים שלה:
|
| and they shall become foolish. with their divining. Similar to this is: “Who frustrates the signs of imposters” (Isa. 44:25), and so did Jonathan render. They are called בּדים because they fabricate (בּוֹדִים) and say false things. |
|
ונואלו.
בקסמיהם ודומה לו מפר אותות בדים (ישעיה מד) וכן ת"י על שם שבודים ואומרים דברי כזב:
|
| 37A sword is upon his horses and upon his chariots and upon all the allies who are in her midst, and they shall become [like] women; a sword is upon her treasuries, and they shall be spoiled. |
|
לזחֶ֜רֶב אֶל־סוּסָ֣יו וְאֶל־רִכְבּ֗וֹ וְאֶל־כָּל־הָעֶ֛רֶב אֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּתוֹכָ֖הּ וְהָי֣וּ לְנָשִׁ֑ים חֶ֥רֶב אֶל־אֽוֹצְרֹתֶ֖יהָ וּבֻזָּֽזוּ: |
| the allies. Heb. הערב. Jonathan renders: סוּמְכותא (garantie in French). |
|
הערב.
סומכוותא גרנטיא"ה בלע"ז:
|
| 38A drought is upon her waters, and they shall dry up, for it is a land of graven images, and they are mad upon things of horror. |
|
לחחֹ֥רֶב אֶל־מֵימֶ֖יהָ וְיָבֵ֑שׁוּ כִּ֣י אֶ֚רֶץ פְּסִלִים֙ הִ֔יא וּבָֽאֵימִ֖ים יִתְהֹלָֽלוּ: |
| and they are mad upon things of horror. Heb. יתהללו, they shall become mad. Another interpretation: (Pour vanter in French) in order to boast. And so did Jonathan render: משתבּחין, they boast, [i.e.,] with the gods of the giants that they had. |
|
ובאימים יתהללו.
ישתטו ל"א פורוונטרונט בלע"ז וכת"י משתבחין באלהי הענקים שהיו להם:
|
| 39Therefore, martens shall dwell with cats, and ostriches shall dwell therein, and it shall never again be settled until eternity, neither shall it be inhabited from generation to generation. |
|
לטלָכֵ֗ן יֵֽשְׁב֚וּ צִיִּים֙ אֶת־אִיִּ֔ים וְיָ֥שְׁבוּ בָ֖הּ בְּנ֣וֹת יַֽעֲנָ֑ה וְלֹֽא־תֵשֵׁ֥ב עוֹד֙ לָנֶ֔צַח וְלֹ֥א תִשְׁכּ֖וֹן עַד־דּ֥וֹר וָדֽוֹר: |
| martens… with cats. Jonathan [renders]: And martens shall meet cats. [These are] species of animals found in ruins. |
|
ציים את איים.
יערעון תמון בחתולין מיני חיות המצויין בחורבה:
|
| 40Like God's overturning Sodom and Gemorrah and her neighbors, says the Lord, no man shall dwell there, and no man shall sojourn therein. |
|
מכְּמַהְפֵּכַ֨ת אֱלֹהִ֜ים אֶת־סְדֹ֧ם וְאֶת־עֲמֹרָ֛ה וְאֶת־שְׁכֵנֶ֖יהָ נְאֻם־יְהֹוָ֑ה לֹֽא־יֵשֵׁ֥ב שָׁם֙ אִ֔ישׁ וְלֹֽא־יָג֥וּר בָּ֖הּ בֶּן־אָדָֽם: |
| 41Behold a people is coming from the north, and a great nation and great kings shall be aroused from the ends of the earth. |
|
מאהִנֵּ֛ה עַ֥ם בָּ֖א מִצָּפ֑וֹן וְג֚וֹי גָּדוֹל֙ וּמְלָכִ֣ים רַבִּ֔ים יֵעֹ֖רוּ מִיַּרְכְּתֵי־אָֽרֶץ: |
| 42They grasp bow and spear; they are cruel, having no mercy; their voice is like the roaring sea, and they ride on steeds, arrayed like a man for war, against you, O daughter of Babylon. |
|
מבקֶ֣שֶׁת וְכִידֹ֞ן יַֽחֲזִ֗יקוּ אַכְזָרִ֥י הֵ֙מָּה֙ וְלֹ֣א יְרַחֵ֔מוּ קוֹלָם֙ כַּיָּ֣ם יֶֽהֱמֶ֔ה וְעַל־סוּסִ֖ים יִרְכָּ֑בוּ עָר֗וּךְ כְּאִישׁ֙ לַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה עָלַ֖יִךְ בַּת־בָּבֶֽל: |
| 43The king of Babylon has heard the report of them, and his hands have become feeble; distress has grasped him, pangs like a woman in confinement. |
|
מגשָׁמַ֧ע מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶ֛ל אֶת־שִׁמְעָ֖ם וְרָפ֣וּ יָדָ֑יו צָרָה֙ הֶֽחֱזִיקַ֔תְהוּ חִ֖יל כַּיּֽוֹלֵדָֽה: |
| 44Behold, as a lion that ascends from the heights of the Jordan to a strong dwelling, when I bring the moment [that] I will hasten them over her, for who is like Me and who will appoint Me a time, and who is a shepherd who will stand before Me? |
|
מדהִ֠נֵּה כְּאַרְיֵ֞ה יַֽעֲלֶ֨ה מִגְּא֣וֹן הַיַּרְדֵּן֘ אֶל־נְוֵ֣ה אֵיתָן֒ כִּֽי־אַרְגִּ֚יעָה אֲרִיצֵם֙ (כתיב אֲרִוצֵם֙) מֵֽעָלֶ֔יהָ וּמִ֥י בָח֖וּר אֵלֶ֣יהָ אֶפְקֹ֑ד כִּ֣י מִ֚י כָמ֙וֹנִי֙ וּמִ֣י יֽוֹעִדֶ֔נִּי וּמִי־זֶ֣ה רֹעֶ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר יַעֲמֹ֖ד לְפָנָֽי: |
| Behold, as a lion. that ascends from the heights of the Jordan, so will the spoiler come to the strong dwelling. So did Jonathan paraphrase: Behold a king with his camp shall ascend upon them like a lion that ascends from the height of the Jordan. We learn that the height of the Jordan is a place of lions. Also, in this manner Jonathan renders: “How will you do in the heights of the Jordan” (12:5): Against the wild beasts of the heights of the Jordan. |
|
הנה כאריה.
אשר יעלה מגאון הירדן כן יבא השודד אל נוה איתן כך תירגם יונתן הא מלך במשרייתיה ייסק עליהון כאריה דסלק מרום ירדנא למדנו שגאון הירדן מקום אריות הוא ואף כך תרגמו יונתן ואיך תעשה בגאון הירדן לקבל חיות ברא ברום ירדנא:
|
| when I bring the moment. Heb. ארגיעה, when I bring the time. |
|
כי ארגיעה.
כשאביא השעה:
|
| over her. Heb. מעליה. |
|
מעליה.
ממעל לה:
|
| and who will appoint Me a time. for war? |
|
ומי יועידני.
למלחמה:
|
| 45Therefore, hearken to the counsel of the Lord, which He advised Babylon, and His plans that He planned concerning the land of the Chaldeans, if the young of the flock will not drag them, if He will not make desolate their dwelling with them. |
|
מהלָכֵ֞ן שִׁמְע֣וּ עֲצַת־יְהֹוָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֚ר יָעַץ֙ אֶל־בָּבֶ֔ל וּמַ֨חְשְׁבוֹתָ֔יו אֲשֶׁ֥ר חָשַׁ֖ב אֶל־אֶ֣רֶץ כַּשְׂדִּ֑ים אִם־לֹ֚א יִסְחָבוּם֙ צְעִירֵ֣י הַצֹּ֔אן אִם־לֹ֥א יַשִּׁ֛ים עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם נָוֶֽה: |
| the young of the flock. Persia, the youngest of the sons of Japheth. |
|
צעירי הצאן.
פרס צעיר לבני יפת:
|
| 46From the report that Babylon was taken, the earth quaked, and a cry was heard among the nations. |
|
מומִקּוֹל֙ נִתְפְּשָׂ֣ה בָבֶ֔ל נִרְעֲשָׁ֖ה הָאָ֑רֶץ וּזְעָקָ֖ה בַּגּוֹיִ֥ם נִשְׁמָֽע: |
