1Wisdom has built her house; she has hewn her seven pillars. |
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אחָכְמוֹת בָּנְתָ֣ה בֵיתָ֑הּ חָצְבָ֖ה עַמּוּדֶ֣יהָ שִׁבְעָֽה: |
Wisdom has built her house. With wisdom has the Holy One, blessed be He, built the world. |
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חכמות בנתה ביתה.
בחכמה בנה הקב"ה את העולם:
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she has hewn her seven pillars. The seven days of Creation. Another explanation: This refers to the seven books of the Torah, since (Num. 10:35f.) “And it came about when the ark traveled…” is an individual book, as is stated in tractate Shabbath (116a). |
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חצבה עמודיה שבעה.
שבעת ימי בראשית, ד"א ז' ספרים שיש בתורה ויהי בנסוע הארון ספר לעצמו במסכת שבת:
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2She has prepared her meat; she has mingled her wine; she has even set her table. |
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בטָבְחָ֣ה טִ֖בְחָהּ מָסְכָ֣ה יֵינָ֑הּ אַ֜֗ף עָֽרְכָ֥ה שֻׁלְחָנָֽהּ: |
She has prepared her meat, she has mingled her wine. She has mixed it with water, like strong wine, that is unfit to drink unmixed. |
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טבחה טבחה מסכה יינה.
מזגם במים כמו יין חזק שאינו ראוי לשתות חי:
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she has even set her table. All creations of liquid and solid. |
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אף ערכה שלחנה.
כל יצירת לח ויבש:
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3She has sent her maidens, she calls on the wings of the heights of the city, |
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גשָֽׁלְחָ֣ה נַעֲרֹתֶ֣יהָ תִקְרָ֑א עַל־גַּ֜פֵּ֗י מְרֹ֣מֵי קָֽרֶת: |
She has sent her maidens. Adam and Eve. |
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שלחה נערותיה.
אדם וחוה, ד"א משה ואהרן:
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4"Whoever is simple, let him turn in here." To the one devoid of sense, she says to him, |
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דמִי־פֶ֖תִי יָסֻ֣ר הֵ֑נָּה חֲסַר־לֵ֜֗ב אָ֣מְרָה לּֽוֹ: |
“Whoever is simple, let him turn in here”. and learn it and become wise. |
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מי פתי יסור הנה.
וילמוד אותי ויחכם:
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5"Come, partake of my bread and drink of the wine I have mingled. |
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הלְכוּ לַחֲמ֣וּ בְֽלַחֲמִ֑י וּ֜שְׁת֗וּ בְּיַ֣יִן מָסָֽכְתִּי: |
of the wine I have mingled. Heb. מסכתי. |
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לכו לחמו בלחמי ושתו ביין מסכתי.
ביין שמזגתי:
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6Leave, you simpletons, and live, and step in the way of understanding." |
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ועִזְב֣וּ פְתָאיִ֣ם וִֽחְי֑וּ וְ֜אִשְׁר֗וּ בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ בִּינָֽה: |
Leave, you simpletons. the way of simplicity and live. |
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עזבו פתאים וחיו.
את דרך הפתיות:
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and step. Heb. מסכתי, an expression of stepping, as in (Job 23:11): “To his steps (באשרו) my foot was held fast.” |
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ואשרו.
לשון פעם כמו באשורו אחזה רגלי (איוב כ״ג:י״א):
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7He who chastens a scorner takes disgrace for himself, and he who reproves a wicked man, that is his blemish. |
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זיֹ֤סֵ֨ר לֵ֗ץ לֹקֵ֣חַֽ ל֣וֹ קָל֑וֹן וּמוֹכִ֖יחַ לְרָשָׁ֣ע מוּמֽוֹ: |
and he who reproves a wicked man, that is his blemish. It is a blemish to the one who reproves [him], for this one berates him and does not heed him. This is a warning that it is forbidden to talk with those who entice to worship idols, even to reprove them and to draw them near. |
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ומוכיח לרשע מומו.
מום הוא למוכיח שזה מחרפו ואינו שומע לו זו היא אזהרה שאסור לדבר עם המסיתים מדרך הישרה אפילו להוכיחם ולקרבם:
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8Reprove not a scorner lest he hate you; reprove a wise man and he will love you. |
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חאַל־תּ֣וֹכַח לֵ֖ץ פֶּן־יִשְׂנָאֶ֑ךָּ הוֹכַ֥ח לְ֜חָכָ֗ם וְיֶאֱהָבֶֽךָּ: |
9Give a wise man, and he will become yet wiser; teach a righteous man, and he will increase in learning. |
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טתֵּ֣ן לְ֖חָכָם וְיֶחְכַּם־ע֑וֹד הוֹדַ֥ע לְ֜צַדִּ֗יק וְי֣וֹסֶף לֶֽקַח: |
Give a wise man, and he will become yet wiser. To a worthy pupil, and the Midrash Aggadah (Tanchuma, Vayakhel 6) states: It was said to Noah, “From every clean animal, etc.” (Gen. 7:2), and when he went out, “And he took from all clean animals, etc.” (ibid. 8:20). He said, “What did the Holy One, blessed be He, see to increase the number of these? It is only because He wished that I offer up some of them.” |
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תן לחכם ויחכם עוד.
לתלמיד הגון (שנה) ומדרש אגדה נאמר לנח מכל הבהמה הטהורה וגו' (בראשית ו׳:י״ג) וכשיצא ויקח מכל הבהמה וגו' (שם) אמר מה ראה הקב"ה להרבות באלו אלא שרצה שאקריב לו מהן:
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teach a righteous man. wisdom, and he will increase in learning from his own knowledge in addition to what he heard. |
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הודע לצדיק.
חכמה והוא יוסף לקח. מדעתו ועל שמועתו:
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10The beginning of wisdom is the fear of the Lord, and the knowledge of the holy ones is understanding. |
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יתְּחִלַּ֣ת חָ֖כְמָה יִרְאַ֣ת יְהוָ֑ה וְדַ֖עַת קְדשִׁ֣ים בִּינָֽה: |
and the knowledge of the holy ones. is the root of understanding. |
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תחלת חכמה יראת ה', ודעת קדושים.
היא עיקר הבינה:
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11For with me shall your days increase, and they will add to you years of life. |
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יאכִּי־בִ֖י יִרְבּ֣וּ יָמֶ֑יךָ וְיוֹסִ֥יפוּ לְּ֜ךָ֗ שְׁנ֣וֹת חַיִּֽים: |
and they will add to you years of life. Years of life are those of sustenance and wealth. |
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ויוסיפו לך שנות חיים.
שנים של חיים הם של פרנסה ועושר:
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12If you have become wise, you have become wise for yourself, and if you scorn, you will bear it alone. |
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יבאִם־חָ֖כַמְתָּ חָכַ֣מְתָּ לָּ֑ךְ וְ֜לַ֗צְתָּ לְֽבַדְּךָ֥ תִשָּֽׂא: |
13The woman of folly is turbulent; [she is] simple and knows nothing. |
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יגאֵ֣שֶׁת כְּ֖סִילוּת הֹֽמִיָּ֑ה פְּ֜תַיּ֗וּת וּבַל־יָ֥דְעָה מָּֽה: |
14She sits at the entrance of her house on a chair on the heights of the city, |
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ידוְֽיָשְׁבָה לְפֶ֣תַח בֵּיתָ֑הּ עַל־כִּ֜סֵּ֗א מְרֹ֣מֵי קָֽרֶת: |
15to call the passersby, who are going straight on their ways, |
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טולִקְרֹ֥א לְעֹֽבְרֵי־דָ֑רֶךְ הַֽ֜מְיַשְּׁרִ֗ים אֹֽרְחוֹתָֽם: |
16"Whoever is simple, let him turn in here, and whoever is devoid of sense," and she says to him, |
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טזמִי־פֶ֖תִי יָסֻ֣ר הֵ֑נָּה וַחֲסַר־לֵ֗ב וְאָ֣מְרָה לּֽוֹ: |
and whoever is devoid of sense (lit. and one devoid of sense.) and she says to him. these words. What does she say to him? |
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חסר לב, ואמרה לו.
הדברים הללו, מה אמרה לו:
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17"Stolen water is sweet, and bread eaten in secret is pleasant." |
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יזמַֽיִם־גְּנוּבִ֥ים יִמְתָּ֑קוּ וְלֶ֖חֶם סְתָרִ֣ים יִנְעָֽם: |
Stolen water is sweet. The pleasure afforded by intimacy with a single woman does not equal that afforded by intimacy with a married woman. Also, regarding the commandments (other editions: sectarianism), stolen water is sweet, for they were afraid to do it in public, but did it in secret. |
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מים גנובים ימתקו.
אין טעם ביאת פנויה כטעם א"א אף לענין המצוה מים גנובים ימתקו שהיו יראים לעשות בגלוי ועושין בסתר:
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18But he does not know that shades are there; her guests are in the depths of the grave. |
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יחוְֽלֹא־יָ֖דַע כִּֽי־רְפָאִ֣ים שָׁ֑ם בְּעִמְקֵ֖י שְׁא֣וֹל קְרֻאֶֽיהָ: |