| 1The Lord said to Aaron: You, your sons and your father's house shall bear the iniquity associated with the Sanctuary, and you and your sons with you shall bear the iniquity associated with your kehunah. |
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אוַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהֹוָה֙ אֶל־אַֽהֲרֹ֔ן אַתָּ֗ה וּבָנֶ֤יךָ וּבֵית־אָבִ֨יךָ֙ אִתָּ֔ךְ תִּשְׂא֖וּ אֶת־עֲוֹ֣ן הַמִּקְדָּ֑שׁ וְאַתָּה֙ וּבָנֶי֣ךָ אִתָּ֔ךְ תִּשְׂא֖וּ אֶת־עֲוֹ֥ן כְּהֻנַּתְכֶֽם: |
| The Lord said to Aaron. [God did not say directly to Aaron but] He said [this] to Moses to say to Aaron (Sifrei Korach 17) and caution him regarding regulations for the [benefit of the] Israelites, that they should not enter the Sanctuary. |
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וַיֹּאמֶר ה' אֶל־אַֽהֲרֹן.
לְמֹשֶׁה אָמַר שֶׁיֹּאמַר לְאַהֲרֹן, לְהַזְהִירוֹ עַל תַּקָּנַת יִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁלֹּא יִכָּנְסוּ לַמִּקְדָּשׁ:
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| You, your sons and your father’s house. They are the sons of Kohath, who was Amram’s father. — [Midrash Aggadah] |
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אַתָּה וּבָנֶיךָ וּבֵית־אָבִיךָ.
הֵם בְּנֵי קְהָת אֲבִי עַמְרָם:
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| Shall bear the iniquity associated with the Sanctuary. I impose upon you the punishment of the outsiders who sin regarding the sacred objects entrusted to you; the Tent, the ark, the table, and the sacred vessels. You shall sit and warn any unauthorized person who attempts to touch [the sacred objects]. |
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תִּשְׂאוּ אֶת־עֲוֹן הַמִּקְדָּשׁ.
עֲלֵיכֶם אֲנִי מַטִּיל עֹנֶשׁ הַזָּרִים שֶׁיֶּחֶטְאוּ בְעִסְקֵי הַדְּבָרִים הַמְקֻדָּשִׁים הַמְּסוּרִים לָכֶם, הוּא הָאֹהֶל וְהָאָרוֹן וְהַשֻּׁלְחָן וּכְלֵי הַקֹּדֶשׁ — אַתֶּם תֵּשְׁבוּ וְתַזְהִירוּ עַל כָּל זָר הַבָּא לִגַּע:
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| and you and your sons. The kohanim. |
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וְאַתָּה וּבָנֶיךָ.
הַכֹּהֲנִים:
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| shall bear the sin associated with your kehunah. For it is not given over to the Levites. You shall warn the Levites who might inadvertently err, that they may not touch you during your [performance of the] service. |
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תִּשְׂאוּ אֶת־עֲוֹן כְּהֻנַּתְכֶֽם.
שֶׁאֵינָהּ מְסוּרָה לַלְוִיִּם, וְתַזְהִירוּ הַלְוִיִּם הַשּׁוֹגְגִים שֶׁלֹּא יִגְּעוּ אֲלֵיכֶם בַּעֲבוֹדַתְכֶם:
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| 2Also your brethren, the tribe of Levi, your father's tribe, draw close to you, and they shall join you and minister to you, and you and your sons with you, before the Tent of Testimony. |
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בוְגַ֣ם אֶת־אַחֶ֩יךָ֩ מַטֵּ֨ה לֵוִ֜י שֵׁ֤בֶט אָבִ֨יךָ֙ הַקְרֵ֣ב אִתָּ֔ךְ וְיִלָּו֥וּ עָלֶ֖יךָ וִישָֽׁרְת֑וּךָ וְאַתָּה֙ וּבָנֶ֣יךָ אִתָּ֔ךְ לִפְנֵ֖י אֹ֥הֶל הָֽעֵדֻֽת: |
| Also… your brethren. The sons of Gershon and the sons of Merari. — [Midrash Aggadah] |
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וְגַם אַחֶיךָ.
בְּנֵי גֵרְשׁוֹן וּבְנֵי מְרָרִי:
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| and they shall join you. They shall join you to warn any outsiders not to approach them. |
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וְיִלָּווּ.
וְיִתְחַבְּרוּ אֲלֵיכֶם, לְהַזְהִיר גַּם אֶת הַזָּרִים מִלִּקְרַב אֲלֵיהֶם:
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| and they shall minister to you. By watching the gates and serving as treasurers and supervisors. |
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וִישָֽׁרְתוּךָ.
בִּשְׁמִירַת הַשְּׁעָרִים וּלְמַנּוֹת מֵהֶם גִּזְבָּרִין וַאֲמַרְכָּלִין (ספרי):
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| 3They shall keep your charge and the charge of the Tent, and they shall not approach the holy vessels or the altar, so that neither they nor you will die. |
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גוְשָֽׁמְרוּ֙ מִשְׁמַרְתְּךָ֔ וּמִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת כָּל־הָאֹ֑הֶל אַךְ֩ אֶל־כְּלֵ֨י הַקֹּ֤דֶשׁ וְאֶל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֨חַ֙ לֹ֣א יִקְרָ֔בוּ וְלֹֽא־יָמֻ֥תוּ גַם־הֵ֖ם גַּם־אַתֶּֽם: |
| 4They shall join you, and they shall keep the charge of the Tent of Meeting for all the service of the Tent, and no outsider shall come near you. |
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דוְנִלְו֣וּ עָלֶ֔יךָ וְשָֽׁמְר֗וּ אֶת־מִשְׁמֶ֨רֶת֙ אֹ֣הֶל מוֹעֵ֔ד לְכֹ֖ל עֲבֹדַ֣ת הָאֹ֑הֶל וְזָ֖ר לֹֽא־יִקְרַ֥ב אֲלֵיכֶֽם: |
| and no outsider shall approach you. You I am cautioning about this. |
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וְזָר לֹֽא־יִקְרַב אֲלֵיכֶֽם.
אֶתְכֶם אֲנִי מַזְהִיר עַל כָּךְ:
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| 5They shall keep the charge of the Sanctuary and the charge of the altar, so that there be no more wrath against the children of Israel. |
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הוּשְׁמַרְתֶּ֗ם אֵ֚ת מִשְׁמֶ֣רֶת הַקֹּ֔דֶשׁ וְאֵ֖ת מִשְׁמֶ֣רֶת הַמִּזְבֵּ֑חַ וְלֹא־יִֽהְיֶ֥ה ע֛וֹד קֶ֖צֶף עַל־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל: |
| that there be no more wrath. As there had been previously, as it says, “for wrath is gone forth” (17: 11). - [Sifrei Korach 11] |
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וְלֹא־יִֽהְיֶה עוֹד קֶצֶף.
כְּמוֹ שֶׁהָיָה כְבָר, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (במדבר י"ז) "כִּי יָצָא הַקֶּצֶף" (ספרי):
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| 6I have therefore taken your brethren, the Levites, from among the children of Israel; they are given to you as a gift, and given over to the Lord to perform the service in the Tent of Meeting. |
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ווַֽאֲנִ֗י הִנֵּ֤ה לָקַ֨חְתִּי֙ אֶת־אֲחֵיכֶ֣ם הַֽלְוִיִּ֔ם מִתּ֖וֹךְ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל לָכֶ֞ם מַתָּנָ֤ה נְתֻנִים֙ לַֽיהֹוָ֔ה לַֽעֲבֹ֕ד אֶת־עֲבֹדַ֖ת אֹ֥הֶל מוֹעֵֽד: |
| They are given to you as a gift. I might think [that they are given to you] for your mundane work. Therefore, it says, “to the Lord” as explained above, to be responsible for the posts of treasurers and administrators. — [Sifrei Korach 12] |
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לָכֶם מַתָּנָה נְתֻנִים.
יָכוֹל לַעֲבוֹדַתְכֶם שֶׁל הֶדְיוֹט, תַּלְמוּד לוֹמָר "לַה'", כְּמוֹ שֶׁמְּפֹרָשׁ לְמַעְלָה, לִשְׁמֹר מִשְׁמֶרֶת גִּזְבָּרִין וַאֲמַרְכָּלִין:
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| 7And you and your sons shall keep your kehunah in all matters concerning the altar, and concerning what is within the dividing screen, and you shall serve; the service as a gift I have given your kehunah, and any outsider [non-kohen] who approaches shall die. |
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זוְאַתָּ֣ה וּבָנֶ֣יךָ אִ֠תְּךָ֠ תִּשְׁמְר֨וּ אֶת־כְּהֻנַּתְכֶ֜ם לְכָל־דְּבַ֧ר הַמִּזְבֵּ֛חַ וּלְמִבֵּ֥ית לַפָּרֹ֖כֶת וַֽעֲבַדְתֶּ֑ם עֲבֹדַ֣ת מַתָּנָ֗ה אֶתֵּן֙ אֶת־כְּהֻנַּתְכֶ֔ם וְהַזָּ֥ר הַקָּרֵ֖ב יוּמָֽת: |
| the service as a gift. I have given it to you as a gift. |
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עֲבֹדַת מַתָּנָה.
בְּמַתָּנָה נְתַתִּיהָ לָכֶם:
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| 8The Lord told Aaron: Behold I have given you the charge of My gift [offerings]. I have thus given you all the holy things of the children of Israel for distinction, and as an eternal portion for your sons. |
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חוַיְדַבֵּ֣ר יְהֹוָה֘ אֶל־אַֽהֲרֹן֒ וַֽאֲנִי֙ הִנֵּ֣ה נָתַ֣תִּי לְךָ֔ אֶת־מִשְׁמֶ֖רֶת תְּרֽוּמֹתָ֑י לְכָל־קָדְשֵׁ֣י בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֠ל לְךָ֙ נְתַתִּ֧ים לְמָשְׁחָ֛ה וּלְבָנֶ֖יךָ לְחָק־עוֹלָֽם: |
| Behold I have given you. with joy. It [the word “behold”] is an expression of joy, as in “Behold, he is coming forth toward you, and when he sees you, he will rejoice in his heart” (Exod. 4:14). This may be compared to a king who gave a field to his friend but did not write nor sign [a deed], and did not record it in court. A person came and contested [his ownership] of the field. The king said to him: [It seems that] anyone may come and contest your rights. Behold, I will write and sign [a deed] for you, and record it in court. Here, too, since Korah came and made a claim against Aaron regarding the kehunah, Scripture comes and gives him twenty-four ‘gifts’ of kehunah as an everlasting covenant of salt. This is why this section is placed here [after the rebellion of Korah]. — [Sifrei Korach 18, 19] |
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וַֽאֲנִי הִנֵּה נָתַתִּי לְךָ.
בְּשִׂמְחָה, לְשׁוֹן שִׂמְחָה הוּא זֶה, כְּמוֹ "הִנֵּה הוּא יֹצֵא לִקְרָאתֶךָ וְרָאֲךָ וְשָׂמַח בְּלִבּוֹ" (שמות ד'); מָשָׁל לְמֶלֶךְ שֶׁנָּתַן שָׂדֶה לְאוֹהֲבוֹ, וְלֹא כָתַב וְלֹא חָתַם וְלֹא הֶעֱלָה בְעַרְכָּאִין, בָּא אֶחָד וְעִרְעֵר עַל הַשָּׂדֶה, אָמַר לוֹ הַמֶּלֶךְ כָּל מִי שֶׁיִּרְצֶה יָבֹא וִיעַרְעֵר לְנֶגְדְּךָ, הֲרֵינִי כוֹתֵב וְחוֹתֵם לְךָ וּמַעֲלֶה בְעַרְכָּאִין, אַף כָּאן, לְפִי שֶׁבָּא קֹרַח וְעִרְעֵר כְּנֶגֶד אַהֲרֹן עַל הַכְּהֻנָּה, בָּא הַכָּתוּב וְנָתַן לוֹ כ"ד מַתְּנוֹת כְּהֻנָּה בִּבְרִית מֶלַח עוֹלָם, וְלְכָךְ נִסְמְכָה פָרָשָׁה זוֹ לְכָאן (ספרי):
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| the charge of My gift [offerings]. That you must keep them in a state of purity. - [Bech. 34a] |
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מִשְׁמֶרֶת תְּרֽוּמֹתָי.
שֶׁאַתָּה צָרִיךְ לְשָׁמְרָן בְּטָהֳרָה:
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| for distinction. Heb. לְמָשְׁחָה, for greatness. — [Sifrei Korach 20, Chul. 132b] |
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לְמָשְׁחָה.
לִגְדֻלָּה (שם):
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| 9These shall be yours from the holiest of holies, from the fire: all their offerings, their meal-offerings, their sin-offerings, their guilt-offerings, [and] what they return to Me; they shall be holy of holies to you and to your sons. |
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טזֶ֣ה יִֽהְיֶ֥ה לְךָ֛ מִקֹּ֥דֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁ֖ים מִן־הָאֵ֑שׁ כָּל־קָ֠רְבָּנָ֠ם לְכָל־מִנְחָתָ֞ם וּלְכָל־חַטָּאתָ֗ם וּלְכָל־אֲשָׁמָם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָשִׁ֣יבוּ לִ֔י קֹ֣דֶשׁ קָֽדָשִׁ֥ים לְךָ֛ ה֖וּא וּלְבָנֶֽיךָ: |
| from the fire. After the burning of the sacrificial parts. |
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מִן־הָאֵשׁ.
לְאַחַר הַקְטָרַת הָאִשִּׁים:
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| All their offerings. The communal peace-offerings. |
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כָּל־קָרְבָּנָם.
כְּגוֹן זִבְחֵי שַׁלְמֵי צִבּוּר:
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| Their meal-offerings, their sin-offerings, their guilt-offerings. As the literal meaning indicates.[Sifrei Korach 21] |
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מִנְחָתָם חַטָּאתָם ואשמתם.
כְּמַשְׁמָעוֹ:
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| what they return to Me. This refers to stolen property of a proselyte. — [Sifrei Korach 21, Zev. 44b. See Rashi on Num. 5:8] |
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אֲשֶׁר יָשִׁיבוּ לִי.
זֶה גֶּזֶל הַגֵּר (שם; זבחים מ"ד):
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| 10You shall eat it in the holiest of places. Any male may eat of it; it shall be holy to you. |
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יבְּקֹ֥דֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁ֖ים תֹּֽאכְלֶ֑נּוּ כָּל־זָכָר֙ יֹאכַ֣ל אֹת֔וֹ קֹ֖דֶשׁ יִֽהְיֶה־לָּֽךְ: |
| You shall eat it in the holiest of places…. This teaches us that [sacrifices] of the highest degree of holiness are to be eaten only in the courtyard and [only] by the male kohanim . — [Sifrei Korach 22] |
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בְּקֹדֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁים תֹּֽאכְלֶנּוּ וגו'.
לִמֵּד עַל קָדְשֵׁי קֳדָשִׁים שֶׁאֵין נֶאֱכָלִין אֶלָּא בָּעֲזָרָה לְזִכְרֵי כְהֻנָּה:
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| 11This shall be yours what is set aside for their gifts from all the wavings of the children of Israel; I have given them to you, and to your sons and to your daughters with you, as an eternal portion. Any [ritually] clean member of your household may eat it. |
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יאוְזֶה־לְּךָ֞ תְּרוּמַ֣ת מַתָּנָ֗ם לְכָל־תְּנוּפֹת֘ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ לְךָ֣ נְתַתִּ֗ים וּלְבָנֶ֧יךָ וְלִבְנֹתֶ֛יךָ אִתְּךָ֖ לְחָק־עוֹלָ֑ם כָּל־טָה֥וֹר בְּבֵֽיתְךָ֖ יֹאכַ֥ל אֹתֽוֹ: |
| what is set aside for their gifts. That is separated from the thanksgiving offering and from the peace-offering and from the Nazirite ram. - [Sifrei Korach 24] |
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תְּרוּמַת מַתָּנָם.
הַמּוּרָם מִן הַתּוֹדָה וּמֵהַשְּׁלָמִים וּמֵאֵיל נָזִיר:
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| All the wavings. Since these require waving. - [Sifrei Korach 25] |
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לְכָל־תְּנוּפֹת.
שֶׁהֲרֵי אֵלּוּ טְעוּנִין תְּנוּפָה:
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| Any [ritually] clean. And not those who are ritually unclean (Sifrei Korach 25). Another interpretation: Anyone ritually clean, including his [the kohen’s] wife. — - [Sifrei Korach 29] |
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כָּל־טָהוֹר.
וְלֹא טְמֵאִים; דָּבָר אַחֵר: כָּל טָהוֹר לְרַבּוֹת אִשְׁתּוֹ:
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| 12The choice of the oil and the choice of the wine and grain, the first of which they give to the Lord, to you I have given them. |
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יבכֹּ֚ל חֵ֣לֶב יִצְהָ֔ר וְכָל־חֵ֖לֶב תִּיר֣וֹשׁ וְדָגָ֑ן רֵֽאשִׁיתָ֛ם אֲשֶׁר־יִתְּנ֥וּ לַֽיהֹוָ֖ה לְךָ֥ נְתַתִּֽים: |
| the first. This refers to terumah gedolah [the kohen’s portion of the produce separated by Israelites]. |
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רֵֽאשִׁיתָם.
הִיא תְּרוּמָה גְדוֹלָה:
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| 13The first fruit of all that grows in their land, which they shall bring to the Lord shall be yours; any [ritually] clean member of your household may eat of it. |
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יגבִּכּוּרֵ֞י כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֧ר בְּאַרְצָ֛ם אֲשֶׁר־יָבִ֥יאוּ לַֽיהֹוָ֖ה לְךָ֣ יִֽהְיֶ֑ה כָּל־טָה֥וֹר בְּבֵֽיתְךָ֖ יֹֽאכְלֶֽנּוּ: |
| 14Any devoted thing in Israel shall be yours. |
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ידכָּל־חֵ֥רֶם בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לְךָ֥ יִֽהְיֶֽה: |
| 15Every first issue of the womb of any creature, which they present to the Lord, whether of man or beast, shall be yours. However, you shall redeem the firstborn of man, and the firstborn of unclean animals you shall redeem. |
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טוכָּל־פֶּ֣טֶר רֶ֠חֶם לְכָל־בָּשָׂ֞ר אֲשֶׁר־יַקְרִ֧יבוּ לַֽיהֹוָ֛ה בָּֽאָדָ֥ם וּבַבְּהֵמָ֖ה יִֽהְיֶה־לָּ֑ךְ אַ֣ךְ | פָּדֹ֣ה תִפְדֶּ֗ה אֵ֚ת בְּכ֣וֹר הָֽאָדָ֔ם וְאֵ֛ת בְּכֽוֹר־הַבְּהֵמָ֥ה הַטְּמֵאָ֖ה תִּפְדֶּֽה: |
| 16Its redemption [shall be performed] from the age of a month, according to the valuation, five shekels of silver, according to the holy shekel, which is twenty gerahs. |
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טזוּפְדוּיָו֙ מִבֶּן־חֹ֣דֶשׁ תִּפְדֶּ֔ה בְּעֶ֨רְכְּךָ֔ כֶּ֛סֶף חֲמֵ֥שֶׁת שְׁקָלִ֖ים בְּשֶׁ֣קֶל הַקֹּ֑דֶשׁ עֶשְׂרִ֥ים גֵּרָ֖ה הֽוּא: |
| 17However, a firstborn ox or a firstborn sheep or a firstborn goat shall not be redeemed, for they are holy; their blood shall be sprinkled on the altar, and their fats shall be burned as a fire-offering, as a pleasing fragrance to the Lord. |
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יזאַ֣ךְ בְּכֽוֹר־שׁ֡וֹר אֽוֹ־בְכ֨וֹר כֶּ֜שֶׂב אֽוֹ־בְכ֥וֹר עֵ֛ז לֹ֥א תִפְדֶּ֖ה קֹ֣דֶשׁ הֵ֑ם אֶת־דָּמָ֞ם תִּזְרֹ֤ק עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֨חַ֙ וְאֶת־חֶלְבָּ֣ם תַּקְטִ֔יר אִשֶּׁ֛ה לְרֵ֥יחַ נִיחֹ֖חַ לַֽיהֹוָֽה: |
| 18Their flesh shall be yours; like the breast of the waving and the right thigh, it shall be yours. |
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יחוּבְשָׂרָ֖ם יִֽהְיֶה־לָּ֑ךְ כַּֽחֲזֵ֧ה הַתְּנוּפָ֛ה וּכְשׁ֥וֹק הַיָּמִ֖ין לְךָ֥ יִֽהְיֶֽה: |
| like the breast of the waving and the right thigh. Of the peace-offering which is eaten by the kohanim, their wives, their children and their slaves for two days and one night. So may the firstborn [animal] be eaten for two days and one night. — [Zev. 57a, Sifrei Korach 42] |
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כַּֽחֲזֵה הַתְּנוּפָה וּכְשׁוֹק הַיָּמִין.
שֶׁל שְׁלָמִים שֶׁנֶּאֱכָלִין לַכֹּהֲנִים וְלִנְשֵׁיהֶם לִבְנֵיהֶם וּלְעַבְדֵיהֶם לִשְׁנֵי יָמִים וְלַיְלָה אֶחָד, אַף הַבְּכוֹר נֶאֱכָל לִשְׁנֵי יָמִים וְלַיְלָה אֶחָד:
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| it shall be yours. R. Akiva taught: [By repeating the words “shall be yours”] Scripture adds another ‘being,’ so that you should not say [that it is] like the breast and thigh of the thanksgiving offering, which is eaten only for [one] day and [one] night. — [Zev. 57a] |
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לָּךְ יִֽהְיֶה־.
בָּא רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא וְלִמֵּד, וְהוֹסִיף לְךָ הַכָּתוּב הֲוָיָה אַחֶרֶת, שֶׁלֹא תֹאמַר, כְּחָזֶה וְשׁוֹק שֶׁל תּוֹדָה שֶׁאֵינוֹ נֶאֱכָל אֶלָּא לְיוֹם וָלַיְלָה (זבחים נ"ז):
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| 19All the gifts of the holy [offerings] which are set aside by the children of Israel for the Lord I have given to you, and to your sons and daughters with you, as an eternal portion; it is like an eternal covenant of salt before the Lord, for you and your descendants with you. |
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יטכֹּ֣ל | תְּרוּמֹ֣ת הַקֳּדָשִׁ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָרִ֥ימוּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֘ לַֽיהֹוָה֒ נָתַ֣תִּי לְךָ֗ וּלְבָנֶ֧יךָ וְלִבְנֹתֶ֛יךָ אִתְּךָ֖ לְחָק־עוֹלָ֑ם בְּרִית֩ מֶ֨לַח עוֹלָ֥ם הִוא֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהֹוָ֔ה לְךָ֖ וּלְזַרְעֲךָ֥ אִתָּֽךְ: |
| All the gifts of the holy [offerings]. Because this passage is so cherished, it is generalized at the beginning, generalized at the end, and detailed in the middle. — [Sifrei Korach 43] |
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כֹּל תְּרוּמֹת הַקֳּדָשִׁים.
מֵחִבָּתָהּ שֶל פָּרָשָׁה זוֹ כְּלָלָהּ בַּתְּחִלָּה וּכְלָלָהּ בַּסּוֹף וּפָרַט בָּאֶמְצַע (עי' ספרי):
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| An eternal covenant of salt. He enacted a covenant with Aaron, with an object that is wholesome and lasting, and keeps other foodstuffs wholesome. — [Sifrei Korach 43] |
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בְּרִית מֶלַח עוֹלָם.
כָּרַת בְּרִית עִם אַהֲרֹן בְּדָבָר הַבָּרִיא וּמִתְקַיֵּם וּמַבְרִיא אֶת אֲחֵרִים (שם):
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| covenant of salt. Like a covenant made with salt, that it should never spoil. |
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בְּרִית מֶלַח.
כַּבְּרִית הַכְּרוּתָה לַמֶּלַח שֶׁאֵינוֹ מַסְרִיחַ לְעוֹלָם:
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| 20The Lord said to Aaron, You shall not inherit in their land, and you shall have no portion among them. I am your inheritance and portion among the children of Israel. |
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כוַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהֹוָ֜ה אֶל־אַֽהֲרֹ֗ן בְּאַרְצָם֙ לֹ֣א תִנְחָ֔ל וְחֵ֕לֶק לֹא־יִֽהְיֶ֥ה לְךָ֖ בְּתוֹכָ֑ם אֲנִ֤י חֶלְקְךָ֙ וְנַֽחֲלָ֣תְךָ֔ בְּת֖וֹךְ בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל: |
| and you shall have no portion among them. Even in the spoils of war. — [Sifrei Korach 45] |
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וְחֵלֶק לֹא יִֽהְיֶה לְךָ בְּתוֹכָם.
אַף בַּבִּזָּה (שם):
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| 21And to the descendants of Levi, I have given all tithes of Israel as an inheritance, in exchange for their service which they perform-the service of the Tent of Meeting. |
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כאוְלִבְנֵ֣י לֵוִ֔י הִנֵּ֥ה נָתַ֛תִּי כָּל־מַֽעֲשֵׂ֥ר בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לְנַֽחֲלָ֑ה חֵ֤לֶף עֲבֹֽדָתָם֙ אֲשֶׁר־הֵ֣ם עֹֽבְדִ֔ים אֶת־עֲבֹדַ֖ת אֹ֥הֶל מוֹעֵֽד: |
| 22The children of Israel shall therefore no longer approach the Tent of Meeting, lest they bear sin and die. |
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כבוְלֹֽא־יִקְרְב֥וּ ע֛וֹד בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֶל־אֹ֣הֶל מוֹעֵ֑ד לָשֵׂ֥את חֵ֖טְא לָמֽוּת: |
| 23The Levites shall perform the service of the Tent of Meeting, and they will bear their iniquity; it is an eternal statute for your generations, but among the children of Israel they shall have no inheritance. |
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כגוְעָבַ֨ד הַלֵּוִ֜י ה֗וּא אֶת־עֲבֹדַת֙ אֹ֣הֶל מוֹעֵ֔ד וְהֵ֖ם יִשְׂא֣וּ עֲוֹנָ֑ם חֻקַּ֤ת עוֹלָם֙ לְדֹרֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם וּבְתוֹךְ֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לֹ֥א יִנְחֲל֖וּ נַֽחֲלָֽה: |
| and they. The Levites shall bear the iniquity of the Israelites, for it is their duty to warn outsiders against approaching them. |
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וְהֵם.
הַלְוִיִּם — יִשְׂאוּ עֲוֹנָם שֶׁל יִשְׂרָאֵל, שֶׁעֲלֵיהֶם לְהַזְהִיר הַזָּרִים מִגֶּשֶׁת אֲלֵיהֶם:
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| 24For the tithes of the children of Israel, which they shall set aside for the Lord as a gift, I have given to the Levites as an inheritance. Thus, I have said to them that they shall have no inheritance among the children of Israel. |
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כדכִּ֞י אֶת־מַעְשַׂ֣ר בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָרִ֤ימוּ לַֽיהֹוָה֙ תְּרוּמָ֔ה נָתַ֥תִּי לַֽלְוִיִּ֖ם לְנַֽחֲלָ֑ה עַל־כֵּן֙ אָמַ֣רְתִּי לָהֶ֔ם בְּתוֹךְ֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לֹ֥א יִנְחֲל֖וּ נַֽחֲלָֽה: |
| which they shall set aside for the Lord as a gift. Heb. תְּרוּמָה. Scripture calls it תְּרוּמָה, a gift, until he separates a gift [for the kohanim] from the tithes [received by the Levite from an Israelite]. — [Sifrei Korach 53] |
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אֲשֶׁר יָרִימוּ לה' תְּרוּמָה.
הַכָּתוּב קְרָאוֹ תְּרוּמָה עַד שֶׁיַּפְרִישׁ מִמֶּנּוּ תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר:
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| 25The Lord spoke to Moses, saying: |
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כהוַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהֹוָ֖ה אֶל־משֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר: |
| 26Speak to the Levites and tell them, "When you take the tithe from the children of Israel which I have given you from them as your inheritance, you shall set aside from it a gift for the Lord, a tithe of the tithe. |
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כווְאֶל־הַֽלְוִיִּ֣ם תְּדַבֵּר֘ וְאָֽמַרְתָּ֣ אֲלֵהֶם֒ כִּֽי־תִ֠קְח֠וּ מֵאֵ֨ת בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל אֶת־הַמַּֽעֲשֵׂ֗ר אֲשֶׁ֨ר נָתַ֧תִּי לָכֶ֛ם מֵֽאִתָּ֖ם בְּנַֽחֲלַתְכֶ֑ם וַֽהֲרֵֽמֹתֶ֤ם מִמֶּ֨נּוּ֙ תְּרוּמַ֣ת יְהֹוָ֔ה מַֽעֲשֵׂ֖ר מִן־הַמַּֽעֲשֵֽׂר: |
| 27Your gift shall be considered for you as grain from the threshing-floor and as the produce of the vat. |
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כזוְנֶחְשַׁ֥ב לָכֶ֖ם תְּרֽוּמַתְכֶ֑ם כַּדָּגָן֙ מִן־הַגֹּ֔רֶן וְכַֽמְלֵאָ֖ה מִן־הַיָּֽקֶב: |
| Your gift shall be considered for you, as grain from the threshing-floor. Your gift separated from the tithe is forbidden to outsiders and to ritually unclean [people], and they incur the death penalty and [if eaten unintentionally] and [they are liable to pay] an additional fifth, just as in the case of the gift set aside by Israelites for the kohanim, which is called the first grain from the threshing-floor. — [Midrash Aggadah] |
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וְנֶחְשַׁב לָכֶם תְּרֽוּמַתְכֶם כַּדָּגָן מִן־הַגֹּרֶן.
תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר שֶׁלָּכֶם אֲסוּרָה לְזָרִים וְלִטְמֵאִין, וְחַיָּבִין עָלֶיהָ מִיתָה וְחֹמֶשׁ כִּתְרוּמָה גְדוֹלָה שֶׁנִּקְרֵאת רֵאשִׁית דָּגָן מִן הַגֹּרֶן:
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| and the produce of the vat. Like the gifts of wine and oil taken from the vats. |
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וְכַֽמְלֵאָה מִן־הַיָּֽקֶב.
תְּרוּמַת תִּירוֹשׁ וְיִצְהָר הַנִּטֶּלֶת מִן הַיְקָבִים:
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| produce. Heb. מְלֵאָה, lit., fullness, a term denoting ripening produce which has grown to its full [size]. |
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מְלֵאָה.
לְשׁוֹן בִּשּׁוּל — תְּבוּאָה שֶׁנִּתְמַלֵּאת:
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| vat. Heb. יֶקֶב. This is the pit in front of the press into which the wine flows. The term יֶקֶב always denotes an excavation in the ground. Similarly, “the pits (יִקְבֵי) of the king” (Zech. 14:10), referring to the ocean-an excavation ‘dug’ by the King of the world. - [Peskita d’Rav Kahana p. 143; see also Song Rabbah 7:3, Mattenoth Kehunnah, Redal] |
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יָּֽקֶב.
הוּא הַבּוֹר שֶׁלִּפְנֵי הַגַּת שֶׁהַיַּיִן יוֹרֵד לְתוֹכוֹ, וְכָל לְשׁוֹן יֶקֶב חֲפִירַת קַרְקַע הוּא, וְכֵן "יִקְבֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ" (זכריה י"ד), הוּא יָם אוֹקְיָנוֹס, חֲפִירָה שֶׁחָפַר מַלְכּוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָם:
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| 28So shall you too set aside a gift for the Lord from all the tithes you take from the children of Israel, and you shall give thereof the Lord's gift to Aaron the priest. |
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כחכֵּ֣ן תָּרִ֤ימוּ גַם־אַתֶּם֙ תְּרוּמַ֣ת יְהֹוָ֔ה מִכֹּל֙ מַעְשְׂרֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֣ר תִּקְח֔וּ מֵאֵ֖ת בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וּנְתַתֶּ֤ם מִמֶּ֨נּוּ֙ אֶת־תְּרוּמַ֣ת יְהֹוָ֔ה לְאַֽהֲרֹ֖ן הַכֹּהֵֽן: |
| So shall you too set aside. Just as the Israelites set aside [a portion] from their threshing-floors and from their wine vats [for the kohanim], so shall you, too, set aside [a portion] from your tithes, for that is your inheritance. |
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כֵּן תָּרִימוּ גַם־אַתֶּם.
כְּמוֹ שֶׁיִּשְׂרָאֵל מְרִימִים מִגָּרְנָם וּמִיִּקְבֵיהֶם, תָּרִימוּ גַּם אַתֶּם מִמַּעֲשֵׂר שֶׁלָּכֶם, כִּי הוּא נַחֲלַתְכֶם:
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| 29From all your gifts, you shall set aside every gift of the Lord, from its choicest portion, that part of it which is to be consecrated." |
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כטמִכֹּל֙ מַתְּנֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם תָּרִ֕ימוּ אֵ֖ת כָּל־תְּרוּמַ֣ת יְהֹוָ֑ה מִכָּ֨ל־חֶלְבּ֔וֹ אֶת־מִקְדְּשׁ֖וֹ מִמֶּֽנּוּ: |
| From all that is given to you, you shall set aside all God’s gifts. Scripture refers to terumah gedolah [the gift set aside by the Israelites for the kohanim]. If the Levite preceded the kohen to the bin and accepted his tithes before the kohen took his terumah gedolah from the storage bin, the Levite must first separate one fiftieth from the tithe as terumah gedolah and then again separate another gift from the tithe. — [Shab. 127b] |
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מִכֹּל מַתְּנֹתֵיכֶם תָּרִימוּ אֵת כָּל־תְּרוּמַת ה'.
בִּתְרוּמָה גְדוֹלָה הַכָּתוּב מְדַבֵּר, שֶׁאִם הִקְדִּים לֵוִי אֶת הַכֹּהֵן בַּכְּרִי וְקִבֵּל מַעְשְׂרוֹתָיו קֹדֶם שֶׁיִּטֹּל כֹּהֵן תְּרוּמָה גְדוֹלָה מִן הַכְּרִי, צָרִיךְ לְהַפְרִישׁ הַלֵּוִי מִן הַמַּעֲשֵׂר תְּחִלָּה אֶחָד מֵחֲמִשִּׁים לִתְרוּמָה גְדוֹלָה, וְיַחֲזֹר וְיַפְרִישׁ תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר (ספרי):
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| 30Say to them, "When you separate its choicest part, it shall be considered for the Levites as produce from the threshing-floor and as produce from the vat. |
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לוְאָֽמַרְתָּ֖ אֲלֵהֶ֑ם בַּֽהֲרִֽימְכֶ֤ם אֶת־חֶלְבּוֹ֙ מִמֶּ֔נּוּ וְנֶחְשַׁב֙ לַֽלְוִיִּ֔ם כִּתְבוּאַ֥ת גֹּ֖רֶן וְכִתְבוּאַ֥ת יָֽקֶב: |
| When you separate its choicest part. After you have separated a gift from the tithes. |
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בַּֽהֲרִֽימְכֶם אֶת־חֶלְבּוֹ מִמֶּנּוּ.
לְאַחַר שֶׁתָּרִימוּ תְרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר מִמֶּנּוּ:
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| it shall be considered. The remainder shall be for the Levites and contain no sanctity whatsoever. |
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וְנֶחְשַׁב.
הַמּוֹתָר לַלְוִיִּם חֻלִּין גְּמוּרִין:
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| As produce from the threshing-floor. For the Israelites. So that you should not say: Since Scripture calls it תְּרוּמָה, “a gift,” as it says, “For the tithes of the children of Israel, which they shall set aside for the Lord as a gift” (18:24), one might think it is completely forbidden [i.e., that it would retain its sanctity]. Thus, Scripture tells us that it shall be considered to the Levites like the produce of the threshing-floor; just as that of the Israelites is non-sacred [after the terumah gift has been set aside from it], so is that of the Levites non-sacred. — [Sifrei Korach 70] |
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כִּתְבוּאַת גֹּרֶן לישראל.
, שֶׁלֹּא תֹאמַר הוֹאִיל וּקְרָאוֹ הַכָּתוּב תְּרוּמָה — שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר "כִּי אֶת מַעְשַׂר בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אֲשֶׁר יָרִימוּ לַה' תְּרוּמָה" — יָכוֹל יְהֵא כֻלּוֹ אָסוּר, תַּלְמוּד לוֹמָר "וְנֶחְשַׁב לַלְוִיִּם כִּתְבוּאַת גֹּרֶן", מַה שֶּׁל יִשְׂרָאֵל חֻלִּין, אַף שֶׁל לֵוִי חֻלִּין (עי' ספרי):
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| 31You and your household may eat it anywhere, for it is your wage for you in exchange for your service in the Tent of Meeting. |
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לאוַֽאֲכַלְתֶּ֤ם אֹתוֹ֙ בְּכָל־מָק֔וֹם אַתֶּ֖ם וּבֵֽיתְכֶ֑ם כִּֽי־שָׂכָ֥ר הוּא֙ לָכֶ֔ם חֵ֥לֶף עֲבֹֽדַתְכֶ֖ם בְּאֹ֥הֶל מוֹעֵֽד: |
| Anywhere. Even in a cemetery. — [Sifrei Korach 71, Yev. 86b] |
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בְּכָל־מָקוֹם.
אֲפִלּוּ בְּבֵית הַקְּבָרוֹת (שם):
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| 32After you separate the choicest part from it, you shall not bear any sin on account of it, but you shall not profane the sacred [offerings] of the children of Israel, so that you shall not die. |
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לבוְלֹֽא־תִשְׂא֤וּ עָלָיו֙ חֵ֔טְא בַּֽהֲרִֽימְכֶ֥ם אֶת־חֶלְבּ֖וֹ מִמֶּ֑נּוּ וְאֶת־קָדְשֵׁ֧י בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל לֹ֥א תְחַלְּל֖וּ וְלֹ֥א תָמֽוּתוּ: |
| You shall not bear any sin on account of it. However, if you do not set aside [a portion], you will bear a sin. — [Yev. 89b, Rashi] |
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וְלֹֽא־תִשְׂאוּ עָלָיו חֵטְא וגו'.
הָא אִם לֹא תָרִימוּ תִּשְׂאוּ חֵטְא:
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| So that you shall not die. However, if you do profane it, you shall die. — [Bech. 26b] |
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וְלֹֽא־תָמֽוּתוּ.
הָא אִם תְּחַלְּלוּ תָּמוּתוּ:
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