Chapter 7

1And Solomon built his house thirteen years and he finished all his house.   אוְאֶת־בֵּיתוֹ֙ בָּנָ֣ה שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה שְׁל֥שׁ עֶשְׂרֵ֖ה שָׁנָ֑ה וַיְכַ֖ל אֶת־כָּל־בֵּיתֽוֹ:
And Solomon built his house thirteen years. because in work [of the] Most High he hurried, and in his own way he was sluggish. The text tells of his praiseworthiness.   וְאֶת בֵּיתוֹ בָּנָה שְׁלֹמֹה שְׁלשׁ עֶשְׂרֵה שָׁנָה.  שֶׁבִּמְלֶאכֶת גָּבוֹהַּ נִזְדָּרֵז, וּבְשֶׁלּוֹ נִתְעַצֵּל, וּבְשִׁבְחוֹ סִפֵּר הַכָּתוּב.
2And he built the house of the forest of Lebanon; one hundred cubits (was) its length, and fifty cubits its breadth, and thirty cubits its height, on four rows of cedar pillars, and cut beams of cedar upon the pillars.   בוַיִּ֜בֶן אֶת־בֵּ֣ית | יַ֣עַר הַלְּבָנ֗וֹן מֵאָ֨ה אַמָּ֚ה אָרְכּוֹ֙ וַחֲמִשִּׁ֚ים אַמָּה֙ רָחְבּ֔וֹ וּשְׁלשִׁ֥ים אַמָּ֖ה קוֹמָת֑וֹ עַ֗ל אַרְבָּעָה֙ טוּרֵי֙ עַמּוּדֵ֣י אֲרָזִ֔ים וּכְרֻת֥וֹת אֲרָזִ֖ים עַל־הָעַמּוּדִֽים:
The house of the forest of Lebanon. Jonathan, [therefore,] translated [this:] a house for the cooling of kings. (The cedar pillars [are those] that stood along the length of the one hundred cubits… Each row was arranged along the length of the one hundred [cubits]. [Therefore,] from the first row until the fourth row [was] fifty cubits, which was the width of the house. An annotation of the author of ‘The Temple Structure.’)   בֵּית יַעַר הַלְּבָנוֹן.  תִּרְגֵּם יוֹנָתָן: בֵּית מְקֵרַת מַלְכַיָּא.
And cut beams of cedar. The beams of cedar were [arranged] along the length of the house. [There was] a row of pillars on the ground and the cut beams [were placed] from pillar to pillar. (And the second row of pillars was in front of the first row [of pillars] and [facing] the width of the house. And so it was with all four rows. And the covering of the boards [on the beams was to serve] as the floor [of the upper story] of the house, [which was] from one row to the next row on the cut beams. And these pillars were made with many entrances like a porch, and the cut beams were as a lintel which is on the doorposts. And these cut beams were also in order to stand the walls on them; which are the צְלָעוֹת mentioned in the text. And the reason that he said “the walls on the pillars” and did not say, ‘on the cut beams’ because the pillars are the main, since the house rests upon them. And the cut beams were only to strengthen and join one pillar to the other so that the dwelling should be one. And these beams were [flat] on their sides they were not vertical. And when he says “on the pillars” he means to say: on the cut beams which are on the pillars, but it was not called by its own name because of the pillars. It is also possible that the cut beams did not rise above the pillars, since they were not lying on the top but were placed at the top of the pillars and level with the top (but not as a lintel which overlooks the doorposts, but rather as a long peg which joins two pillars. That is, the pillars extended through the beams. And that which he said “and the cut beams on the pillars” [does not mean above the pillars but] on the top part of the pillars. [Now] we find, that that which is on the cut beams is [indeed] on the pillars. Up until here is the commentary of the author of ‘The Temple Structure’).   וּכְרֻתוֹת אֲרָזִים.  קוֹרוֹת אֲרָזִים, לְאֹרֶךְ הַבַּיִת הָיָה טוּר עַמּוּדִים בַּקַּרְקַע, וְהַכְּרוּתוֹת מֵעַמּוּד לְעַמּוּד.
3And it was covered with cedar above on the walls which (were) on forty-five pillars, fifteen (in) each row.   גוְסָפֻ֣ן בָּאֶ֗רֶז מִמַּ֙עַל֙ עַל־הַצְּלָעֹת֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל־הָֽעַמּוּדִ֔ים אַרְבָּעִ֖ים וַחֲמִשָּׁ֑ה חֲמִשָּׁ֥ה עָשָֹ֖ר הַטּֽוּר:
And it was covered with cedar. [There was] a ceiling over it from above.   וְסָפֻן בָּאֶרֶז. קִרוּי עֲלִיָּה מִלְּמַעְלָה.
On the walls. The upper partitions which were on the cut beams. [There were] four partitions next to each other in the width and extended along the length of the house. Each had openings and windows, for this was a summer home made for air. And on those partitions [was] the covering of the ceiling. The ceiling was of forty-five boards, three rows of boards [for the three spaces] [formed by] the four rows of pillars, fifteen boards to each row of the house, [that is, in each space fifteen of them were placed]. Their length was along the width of each row and their width was along the length of the house, one next to the other.   עַל הַצְּלָעֹת. מְחִצּוֹת עֶלְיוֹנוֹת שֶׁעַל הַכְּרוּתוֹת, אַרְבָּעָה מְחִצּוֹת זֶה אֶל זֶה בָּרֹחַב, מְשׁוּכִים לְאֹרֶךְ הַבַּיִת, כֻּלָּן פְּתָחִים וְחַלּוֹנוֹת, כִּי בֵּית הַקַּיִץ הוּא עָשׂוּי לַאֲוִיר, וְעַל אוֹתָן מְחִצּוֹת קִרוּי הַסִּפּוּן, אַרְבָּעִים וַחֲמִשָּׁה נְסָרִים הָיוּ הַסִּפּוּן, שְׁלשָׁה טוּרֵי נְסָרִים (לִשְׁלשָׁה חֲלָלִים), שֶׁבֵּין אַרְבַּע טוּרֵי הָעַמּוּדִים, חֲמִשָּׁה עָשָׂר נְסָרִים הַטּוּר (כְּלוֹמַר נְתוּנִים בֵּין כָּל חֲלַל חֲמִשָּׁה עָשָׂר מֵהֶם) אָרְכָּן לָרֹחַב שֶׁבֵּין טוּר לְטוּר, וְרָחְבָּן לְאֹרֶךְ הַבַּיִת זֶה אֵצֶל זֶה.
4And (there were) windows (in) three rows, and (each) window was opposite the (other) window three times.   דוּשְׁקֻפִ֖ים שְׁלשָׁ֣ה טוּרִ֑ים וּמֶחֱזָ֥ה אֶל־מֶחֱזָ֖ה שָׁל֥שׁ פְּעָמִֽים:
And there were windows in three rows. He also made another covering near the three rows of boards and the three rows of lintels, because the width of fifteen boards did not cover the house in all its length which was one hundred cubits. And he, [therefore,] made near it to cover the house, a covering of small boards placed on small beams which were left (should read ‘placed’) from one row of long cut beams to the other. [There were then,] three small beams one next to the other (should read ‘at the end of the other’) and lintels on both their sides similar to a lintel against which the door strikes. And of those lintels the ends of the small boards were placed, the length of the small boards facing the width of the larger boards which he put there at first.   וּשְׁקֻפִים שְׁלשָׁה טוּרִים.  וְעוֹד עָשָׂה קִרוּי אֵצֶל שְׁלשָׁה טוּרִים הַנְּסָרִים, וּשְׁלשֶׁת טוּרֵי הַשְּׁקוּפִים, כִּי רֹחַב שֶׁל חֲמִשָּׁה עָשָׂר נְסָרִים, לֹא קִרָה אֶת הַבַּיִת בְּכָל אָרְכּוֹ, שֶׁהוּא מֵאָה אַמָּה, וְעָשָׂה אֶצְלוֹ לְקָרוֹת הַבַּיִת קִרוּי שֶׁל נְסָרִים קְטַנִּים, נְתוּנִים עַל מֵרִישִׁין קְטַנִּים הַנּוֹתָרִים (צָרִיךְ לוֹמַר: הַנְּתוּנִים) מִטּוּר כְּרוּתוֹת אֲרָזִים אֶל טוּר, שְׁלשָׁה מֵרִישִׁין זֶה אֵצֶל (צָרִיךְ לוֹמַר: לְסוֹף) זֶה, וּשְׁקוּפִין מִשְּׁנֵי צִדֵּיהֶן, כְּעֵין מַשְׁקוֹף שֶׁהַדֶּלֶת שׁוֹקֵף בּוֹ, וְעַל אוֹתָן שְׁקוּפִין, רָאשֵׁי הַנְּסָרִים הַקְּטַנִּים נְתוּנִים בּוֹ, אָרְכָּן שֶׁל נְסָרִים קְטַנִּים, כְּנֶגֶד רָחְבָּן שֶׁל נְסָרִים גְּדוֹלִים שֶׁנָּתַן תְּחִלָּה.
And each window was opposite the other window. The ends of the boards of this lintel were opposite the ends of the boards of this lintel.   וּמֶחֱזָה אֶל מֶחֱזָה.  רָאשֵׁי נְסָרִים שֶׁל שָׁקוּף זֶה, לְמוּל (רָאשֵׁי) נְסָרִים שֶׁל (שָׁקוּף) זֶה.
Window. The word מֶחֱזֶה is an expression of ‘an edge,’ and Menachem [also] explained it thus and related it to “unto their desired haven (מחוז חפצם)” (Psalms 8:30). And every חָזִית which is in the language of the Mishna is translated thus, as in the order of the priestly function at the daily sacrifice, (Tamid 2:4), and also “he should make a ledge (חָזִית) from the outside” in the chapter of ‘The Partners’ in Baba Bathra (2a). [And as proof this is not a window we see that] Jonathan, too, rendered this: ‘a projection opposite a projection,’ but שְׁקוּפִים אֲטוּמִים (above 6:4), and likewise רְבוּעִים שֶּׁקֶף he translated them all ‘beams.’   מֶחֱזָה.  לְשׁוֹן קָצֶה, וּמְנַחֵם כֵּן פּוֹתְרוֹ, וַחֲבֵרוֹ: אֶל מְחוֹז חֶפְצָם, וְכָל חָזִית שֶׁבִּלְשׁוֹן מִשְׁנָה, כָּךְ הוּא בְּסֵדֶר מַעֲרֶכֶת הַתָּמִיד; וְכֵן הוּא עוֹשֶׂה (חָזִית) מִבַּחוּץ, בְּפֶרֶק הַשֻּׁתָּפִין בְּבָבָא בַתְרָא. וְיוֹנָתָן אַף הוּא תִּרְגְּמוֹ: זְוֵי לָקֳבֵל זְוֵי. אֲבָל 'שְׁקֻפִים אֲטֻמִים'; וְכֵן: רְבֻעִים שָׁקֶף, כֻּלָּם תִּרְגֵּם: כְּלוֹנְסָא.
5And all the entrances and posts (were) square, (also) the window; and (each) window was opposite the (other) window three times.   הוְכָל־הַפְּתָחִ֥ים וְהַמְּזוּזֹ֖ת רְבֻעִ֣ים שָׁ֑קֶף וּמ֧וּל מֶחֱזָ֛ה אֶל־מֶחֱזָ֖ה שָׁל֥שׁ פְּעָמִֽים:
And all the entrances and posts. [They were many] because, generally, a king’s summer home is made with many entrances because of the air [which could enter thereby,] and it was therefore called ‘a forest house’ because it was like a forest [with many wooden posts].   וְכָל הַפְּתָחִים וְהַמְּזוּזֹת.  שֶׁסְּתָם מִקִּירַת מְלָכִים עָשׂוּי פְּתָחִים פְּתָחִים, מִפְּנֵי הָאֲוִיר, וּלְכָךְ קְרָאוֹ בֵּית יַעַר, שֶׁדּוֹמֶה לְיַעַר.
Were square also the window. Jonathan translated [this:] ‘square and covered the beams’ [meaning] the entrances were covered with thin boards, [and] they were square as other entrances of houses, and they were not made a rounded arch similar to the entrance of a great hall.   רְבֻעִים שָׁקֶף.  תִּרְגֵּם יוֹנָתָן: מְרַבְּעִין וַחֲפָן כְּלֵנְסָא. וּמְחֻפִּין הָיוּ הַפְּתָחִים בִּנְסָרִים דַּקִּין רִבּוּעִין הָיוּ כִּשְׁאָר פִּתְחֵי בָּתִּים, וְלֹא עֲשׂוּיִין כִּפָּה כְּעֵין פִּתְחֵי אוּלָם.
And each window was opposite. And the front of the edge was put facing the other edge. The top of the board [was] towards the top of the other board three times in each board, and I do not know how [this was].   וּמוּל מֶחֱזָה.  וּמוּל שֶׁל מֶחֱזָה, מֵסֵב לִקְרַאת מֶחֱזָה הָאַחֶרֶת, רֹאשׁ הַנֶּסֶר לִקְרַאת רֹאשׁ הַנֶּסֶר, שָׁלשׁ פְּעָמִים בְּכָל תִּקְרָה וְתִקְרָה, וְאֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ הַאֵיךְ.
6And he made the porch of pillars; fifty cubits its length, and thirty cubits its breadth, and a porch before them, and pillars and thick beams before them.   ווְאֵ֨ת אוּלָ֚ם הָֽעַמּוּדִים֙ עָשָֹ֔ה חֲמִשִּׁ֚ים אַמָּה֙ אָרְכּ֔וֹ וּשְׁלשִׁ֥ים אַמָּ֖ה רָחְבּ֑וֹ וְאוּלָם֙ עַל־פְּנֵיהֶ֔ם וְעַמֻּדִ֥ים וְעָ֖ב עַל־פְּנֵיהֶֽם:
And the porch of pillars. He made a porch before these pillars as an entrance to the house. Its length was fifty cubits along the width of the house, which was also fifty cubits, and thirty cubits its width before the extent of the length of the house, only that the longer measurement is always called the length and the shorter one is called the width.   וְאֵת אוּלָם הָעַמּוּדִים.  אוּלָם עָשָׂה לִפְנֵי הָעַמּוּדִים הָאֵלֶּה, מָבוֹא לַבַּיִת, חֲמִשִּׁים אַמָּה אָרְכּוֹ, לְרָחְבּוֹ שֶׁל בַּיִת שֶׁהָיָה חֲמִשִּׁים אַמָּה, וּשְׁלשִׁים רָחְבּוֹ לִפְנֵי אֹרֶךְ מֶשֶׁךְ הַבַּיִת, אֶלָּא שֶׁלְּעוֹלָם הַמִּדָּה יְתֵרָה קְרוּיָה אֹרֶךְ, וְהַקְּצָרָה קְרוּיָה רֹחַב.
And a porch before them. [In addition] he made a high porch around the entire house.   וְאוּלָם עַל פְּנֵיהֶם.  אוּלָם גָּבוֹהַּ עָשָׂה עַל כָּל הַבַּיִת.
And pillars and thick beams before them. And on the cut beams of cedar which were no lower pillars he erected on (should read ‘still’) more pillars and joists from pillar to pillar the pillars to connect walls from one to the other, and the joists to cover the ceiling. עב is a joist, as we learn, “And the עֻבִּים, these are the joists.”   וְעַמֻּדִים וְעָב עַל פְּנֵיהֶם.  וְעַל כְּרוּתוֹת אֲרָזִים שֶׁעַל הָעַמּוּדִים הַתַּחְתּוֹנִים, הִצִּיב עַל (צָרִיךְ לוֹמַר: עוֹד) עַמּוּדִים אֲחֵרִים, וּמְרִישִׁין מֵעַמּוּד לְעַמּוּד, הָעַמּוּדִים לֶאֱרֹג בָּהֶן צְלָעוֹת מִזֶּה לָזֶה, וְהֶעָבִים לְקֵרוּי הָעֲלִיָּה, עָב הִיא מֵרֵישׁ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁשָּׁנִינוּ וְהֶעָבִים אֵלּוּ הַמְּרִישִׁין.
7And he made a porch for the throne where he might judge, the porch of judgment; and (it was) covered with cedar from one side of the floor to the other.   זוְאוּלָ֚ם הַכִּסֵּא֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִשְׁפָּט־שָׁ֔ם אֻלָ֥ם הַמִּשְׁפָּ֖ט עָשָֹ֑ה וְסָפ֣וּן בָּאֶ֔רֶז מֵהַקַּרְקַ֖ע עַד־הַקַּרְקָֽע:
And a porch for the throne. [Jonathan renders:] And a porch to set the throne of judgment to judge there, he made a vestibule to the house of judgment there.   וְאוּלָם הַכִּסֵּא.  (תַּרְגּוּם:) וְאוּלָמָא לְאַתְקָנָא תַּמָּן כּוּרְסִי בֵּית דִּינָא דְּדָאִין תַּמָּן פְּרוֹסְדָא לְבֵית דִּינָא עָבִיד, פְּרוֹסְדָא לְשׁוֹן פְּרוֹזְדוֹר.
And it was covered with cedar. The earth of the floor was covered with cedar.   וְסָפוּן בָּאֶרֶז.  מְחֻפֶּה קַרְקַע הָרִצְפָּה בַּאֲרָזִים.
From one side of the floor. Jonathan rendered [this] ‘from foundation to foundation’ [meaning,] from the base of this wall and until the base of this other wall [which was opposite. The entire floor was covered.]   מֵהַקַּרְקַע.  תִּרְגֵּם יוֹנָתָן: מִן אוּשַׁיָּא עַד אוּשַׁיָּא. מִיסוֹד כֹּתֶל זֶה, וְעַד יְסוֹד כֹּתֶל זֶה.
8And his house he might dwell, (was in) the other court, within the porch, was of the like work; and the house (which) he would make for Pharaoh's daughter, whom Solomon had taken (as a wife), (was) like this porch.   חוּבֵיתוֹ֩ אֲשֶׁר־יֵ֨שֶׁב שָׁ֜ם חָצֵ֣ר הָאַחֶ֗רֶת מִבֵּית֙ לָֽאוּלָ֔ם כַּמַּֽעֲשֶֹ֥ה הַזֶּ֖ה הָיָ֑ה וּבַ֜יִת יַעֲשֶֹ֚ה לְבַת־פַּרְעֹה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לָקַ֣ח שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה כָּאוּלָ֖ם הַזֶּֽה:
And his house where he might dwell. [Referring to] a complete residence to both eat and sleep there.   וּבֵיתוֹ אֲשֶׁר יֵשֶׁב שָׁם.  דִּירָה גְמוּרָה, לֶאֱכֹל שָׁם וְלִשְׁכַּב שָׁם.
Within the porch. [This house was situated] inward from the porch of the house of the forest of Lebanon.   מִבֵּית לָאוּלָם.  לְפָנִים מִן אוּלָם שֶׁל בֵּית יַעַר הַלְּבָנוֹן.
And the house which he would make. He planned to make a house for the daughter of Pharaoh.   וּבַיִת יַעֲשֶׂה.  עָלָה בְּלִבּוֹ לַעֲשׂוֹת בַּיִת לְבַת פַּרְעֹה.
Like this porch. Like the work of this porch [whose floors were of cedar].   כָּאוּלָם הַזֶּה.  כְּמַעֲשֵׂה אוּלָם הַזֶּה.
9All these (were of) precious stones, according to the measures of hewn stones, sawed with saws within and without; and from the foundation up the coping, and from the outside until the great court.   טכָּל־אֵ֜לֶּה אֲבָנִ֚ים יְקָרֹת֙ כְּמִדּ֣וֹת גָּזִ֔ית מְגֹרָר֥וֹת בַּמְּגֵרָ֖ה מִבַּ֣יִת וּמִח֑וּץ וּמִמַּסָּד֙ עַד־הַטְּפָח֔וֹת וּמִח֖וּץ עַד־הֶחָצֵ֥ר הַגְּדוֹלָֽה:
All these were of precious stones. All of these [structures, the] stones [used for them] were made heavy.   כָּל אֵלֶּה אֲבָנִים יְקָרֹת.  כָּל הָאֲבָנִים הָאֵלֶּה עֲשׂוּיוֹת כְּבֵדוֹת.
According to the measures of hewn stone. according to the measures of hewn ‘stone,’ [meaning,] there was one [accepted] measurements for hewn stone in that country.   כְּמִדּוֹת גָּזִית.  כְּמִדַּת אַבְנֵי גָזִית, מִדָּה אַחַת הָיְתָה לְאַבְנֵי גָזִית בַּמְּדִינָה.
And from the foundation up to the coping. This building was made in the height of hewn stones from the foundation until the highest beam.   וּמִמַּסָּד עַד הַטְּפָחוֹת.  בַּגֹּבַהּ הָיָה הַבִּנְיָן הַזֶּה עָשׂוּי בְּאַבְנֵי גָזִית הָאֵלֶּה, מִן הַיְסוֹד עַד שְׁמֵי הַקּוֹרָה.
And from the foundation. Heb. וממסד, from the expression יְסוֹד, a foundation.   וּמִמַּסָּד.  לְשׁוֹן יְסוֹד.
The coping. The highest beam, as “My right hand had spanned (טפחה) the heavens” (Isaiah 48:13).   הַטְּפָחוֹת.  שְׁמֵי קוֹרָה, כְּמוֹ: וִימִינִי טִפְּחָה שָׁמָיִם.
And from the outside. On the outside, the entire length of the walls were [made of] these stones until the great court.   וּמִחוּץ.  לְצַד הַחוּץ הָיָה כָּל מֶשֶׁךְ הַקִּירוֹת בָּאֲבָנִים הַלָּלוּ, עַד הֶחָצֵר הַגְּדוֹלָה.
10And the foundation (was) of precious stones, great stones; stones of ten cubits and stones of eight cubits.   יוּמְיֻסָּ֕ד אֲבָנִ֥ים יְקָר֖וֹת אֲבָנִ֣ים גְּדֹל֑וֹת אַבְנֵי֙ עֶ֣שֶׂר אַמּ֔וֹת וְאַבְנֵ֖י שְׁמֹנֶ֥ה אַמּֽוֹת:
And the foundation was of great stones. And the foundation which was in the ground was of stones greater than the measurement of hewn stones.   וּמְיֻסָּד וְגוֹ' אֲבָנִים גְּדוֹלוֹת.  וְהַיְסוֹד שֶׁבְּתוֹךְ הַקַּרְקַע, הָיָה שֶׁל אֲבָנִים גְּדוֹלוֹת יוֹתֵר מִמִּדּוֹת גָּזִית.
11And above (were) precious stones, according to the measures of hewn stones and cedars.   יאוּמִלְמַ֗עְלָה אֲבָנִ֧ים יְקָר֛וֹת כְּמִדּ֥וֹת גָּזִ֖ית וָאָֽרֶז:
And above were precious stones. And above the stones used for the foundation were precious stones, [hewn to precise measurement,] until the coping as he mentioned above.   וּמִלְּמַעְלָה אֲבָנִים יְקָרוֹת.  וּמִלְּמַעְלָה לַיְסוֹדוֹת הָיוּ אֲבָנִים יְקָרוֹת עַד הַטְּפָחוֹת, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמוּר לְמַעְלָה.
And cedars. [Jonathan renders:] ‘and he covered it with boards of cedar’ as [Scripture] said before (7:7), “and it was covered with cedar.”   וָאָרֶז.  (תרגום:) וַחֲפֵי נִסְרִין דְּאַרְזָא, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמַר: וְסָפֻן בָּאֶרֶז.
12And the great court round about (was of) three rows of hewn stones, and a row of cut beams of cedar, and for the inner court of the house of the Lord, and for the porch of the house.   יבוְחָצֵ֨ר הַגְּדוֹלָ֜ה סָבִ֗יב שְׁלשָׁה֙ טוּרִ֣ים גָּזִ֔ית וְט֖וּר כְּרֻתֹ֣ת אֲרָזִ֑ים וְלַחֲצַ֧ר בֵּית־יְהֹוָ֛ה הַפְּנִימִ֖ית וּלְאֻלָ֥ם הַבָּֽיִת:
Was of three rows of hewn stones. The wall [around the great court] was made of three tiers of [hewn] stone and one tier of [cut cedar] wood on them.   שְׁלשָׁה טוּרִים גָּזִית.  הַחוֹמָה עֲשׂוּיָה שְׁלשָׁה נִדְבָּכִין שֶׁל אֲבָנִים, וְנִדְבָּךְ שֶׁל עֵץ עֲלֵיהֶם.
13And king Solomon sent and fetched Hiram out of Tyre.   יגוַיִּשְׁלַח֙ הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה וַיִּקַּ֥ח אֶת־חִירָ֖ם מִצֹּֽר:
14He (was) a widow's son, of the tribe of Naphtali, and his father was a man of Tyre, a coppersmith; and he was filled with the wisdom and understanding and skill, to work all works in copper; and he came to king Solomon and wrought all his work.   ידבֶּן־אִשָּׁה֩ אַלְמָנָ֨ה ה֜וּא מִמַּטֵּ֣ה נַפְתָּלִ֗י וְאָבִ֣יו אִישׁ־צֹרִי֘ חֹרֵ֣שׁ נְחשֶׁת֒ וַ֠יִּמָּלֵא אֶת־הַחָכְמָ֚ה וְאֶת־הַתְּבוּנָה֙ וְאֶת־הַדַּ֔עַת לַעֲשֹ֥וֹת כָּל־מְלָאכָ֖ה בַּנְּח֑שֶׁת וַיָּבוֹא֙ אֶל־הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה וַיַּ֖עַשׂ אֶת־כָּל־מְלַאכְתּֽוֹ:
A coppersmith. Heb. חרש, [the common word for which is] אוּמָן.   חֹרֵשׁ.  אָמָּן.
And he was filled with the wisdom and understanding and skill. [These are] the three tools with which the universe was created, as it is stated, “[The Lord] by wisdom founded the earth, by understanding He established the heavens, by His knowledge the depths were broken up” (Proverbs 3:19). With these same three the Temple was built.   וַיִּמָּלֵא אֶת הַחָכְמָה וְאֶת הַתְּבוּנָה וְאֶת הַדַּעַת.  שְׁלשָׁה כְּלֵי אָמָּנוּת שֶׁהָעוֹלָם נִבְרָא בָּהֶן, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: בְּחָכְמָה יָסַד אָרֶץ, כּוֹנֵן שָׁמַיִם בִּתְבוּנָה, בְּדַעְתּוֹ תְּהוֹמוֹת נִבְקָעוּ, בִּשְׁלָשְׁתָּן נִבְנָה הַבַּיִת.
15And he cast the two pillars of copper, eighteen cubits (was) the height of each pillar, and a line of twelve cubits did encompass it about, and so the other pillar.   טווַיָּ֛צַר אֶת־שְׁנֵ֥י הָעַמּוּדִ֖ים נְח֑שֶׁת שְׁמֹנֶ֨ה עֶשְׂרֵ֜ה אַמָּ֗ה קוֹמַת֙ הָעַמּ֣וּד הָאֶחָ֔ד וְחוּט֙ שְׁתֵּים־עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה אַמָּ֔ה יָסֹ֖ב אֶת־הָעַמּ֥וּד הַשֵּׁנִֽי:
The two pillars. Which he placed on the porch, [and which were called by the names] Jachin and Boaz.   אֶת שְׁנֵי הָעַמּוּדִים.  שֶׁהֶעֱמִיד בָּאוּלָם יָכִין וּבֹעַז.
Eighteen cubits was the height of each pillar. And in Chronicles II (3: 15) he says their height was thirty-five cubits? [That was because] he cast both [together] as one. [This should have totaled thirty-six cubits together,] but I say the one cubit which [was missing] was because there was one half a cubit at the top of each [pillar] which was not like the work of the rest of the pillar. [Omitting that top one half cubit of each pillar leaves a length of seventeen and one half cubits which together is thirty five cubits. The tops of the pillars were beautifully decorated,] as it is said further on in this subject (7:22), “And on the top of the pillars was lily work.”   שְׁמֹנֶה עֶשְׂרֵה אַמָּה קוֹמַת וְגוֹ'.  וּבְדִבְרֵי הַיָּמִים הוּא אוֹמֵר: שְׁלשִׁים וְחָמֵשׁ אַמָּה קוֹמָתָן, שֶׁיָּצַק שְׁנֵיהֶם כְּאֶחָד, וְהָאַמָּה הַחֲסֵרָה, אוֹמֵר אֲנִי, חֲצִי אַמָּה הָיְתָה לְכָל אֶחָד בְּרֹאשׁוֹ, שֶׁאֵינָהּ דּוֹמָה לִמְלֶאכֶת שְׁאָר הָעַמּוּד, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמוּר לְמַטָּה בְּעִנְיַן: וְעַל רֹאשׁ הָעַמּוּדִים מַעֲשֵׂה שׁוֹשָׁן.
And a line of twelve cubits did compass it… the other pillar. This teaches us that it was four cubits by four cubits in diameter, because every circumference of three hand breadths has a diameter of one hand breadth [that is, the diameter is approximately one third the circumference]. And its thickness was four fingers and it was hollow; thus is this explained at the end of the book of Jeremiah (52:21). And this is an abbreviated verse [because] he disclosed the length of one pillar and the length of the second must be learned from it, and he disclosed the circumference of the second, and the first must be learned from it. And Jonathan, too, [agreed that both pillars measured the same, and] translated thus, ‘and a strung line of twelve cubits did compass it, and so the other pillar.’   וְחוּט שְׁתֵּים עֶשְׂרֵה אַמָּה יָסֹב אֶת הָעַמּוּד הַשֵּׁנִי.  לִמֵּד שֶׁהָיָה אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת עַל אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת עָגֹל, שֶׁכָּל שֶׁיֵּשׁ בְּהֶקֵּפוֹ שְׁלשָׁה טְפָחִים, יֵשׁ בּוֹ רֹחַב טֶפַח, וְעָבְיוֹ אַרְבַּע אֶצְבָּעוֹת, וְהוּא חָלוּל, כָּךְ מְפֹרָשׁ בְּסוֹף סֵפֶר יִרְמְיָהוּ. וַהֲרֵי זֶה מִקְרָא קָצָר, פֵּרֵשׁ אָרְכּוֹ שֶׁל אֶחָד, וְיִלְמַד הַשֵּׁנִי מִמֶּנּוּ, וּפֵרֵשׁ הֶקֵּפוֹ שֶׁל שֵׁנִי, וְיִלְמַד מִמֶּנּוּ הָרִאשׁוֹן. וְכֵן תִּרְגֵּם יוֹנָתָן: וְחוּט מְשַׁח תַּרְתֵּין עַסְרֵי אַמִּין מַקִּיף לֵהּ, וְכֵן לְעַמּוּדָא תִּנְיָנָא.
16And he made two chapiters, to set upon the tops of the pillars, (of) molten copper; five cubits (was) the height of the one chapiter, and five cubits (was) the height of the other chapiter.   טזוּשְׁתֵּ֨י כֹתָרֹ֜ת עָשָֹ֗ה לָתֵ֛ת עַל־רָאשֵׁ֥י הָֽעַמּוּדִ֖ים מֻצַ֣ק נְח֑שֶׁת חָמֵ֣שׁ אַמּ֗וֹת קוֹמַת֙ הַכֹּתֶ֣רֶת הָאֶחָ֔ת וְחָמֵ֣שׁ אַמּ֔וֹת קוֹמַ֖ת הַכֹּתֶ֥רֶת הַשֵּׁנִֽית:
And two chapiters. Pomels in O.F. apple shaped knobs.   וּשְׁתֵּי כֹתָרֹת.  פומייל"ש בְּלַעַ"ז (כַּפְתּוֹרִים).
Molten. Tresjited in O.F.   מֻצַק.  טרישגיטי"ר בְּלַעַ"ז (יָצוּק).
Five cubits was the height of the one chapiter. And at the end of this book [of Kings] (II 25:17) he says [that each was] three cubits high? [Our Sages, too, were concerned with this apparent inconsistency,] and we learned [in the beraisa of Forty-Nine Measurements] two cubits of the lower part of the chapiters were similar to the pillar because there were no designs in them, and the three upper cubits [which] were extended beyond [the pillars] were surrounded with designs, as it is said (7:17) “nets of checker work” they were surrounded by the likes of the branches of a palm tree, and I say, [therefore,] he did not count those two lower cubits at the end of the book because they were similar to the pillar and the pillar was inserted into the chapiter two cubits [in depth].   חָמֵשׁ אַמּוֹת קוֹמַת הַכֹּתֶרֶת הָאֶחָת.  וּבְסוֹף הַסֵּפֶר הוּא אוֹמֵר: שָׁלשׁ אַמּוֹת, שָׁנִינוּ בַּמִּשְׁנָה אַרְבָּעִים וְתֵשַׁע מִדּוֹת: שְׁתֵּי אַמּוֹת הַתַּחְתּוֹנוֹת שֶׁל כּוֹתָרוֹת הָיוּ שָׁווֹת לָעַמּוּד, שֶׁלֹּא הָיוּ בָּהֶן צוּרָה, וְשָׁלשׁ הָעֶלְיוֹנוֹת הָיוּ עוֹדְפוֹת לַחוּץ, הַמֻּקָּפוֹת צוּרָה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: שְׂבָכִים מַעֲשֵׂה שְׂבָכָה, כְּמִין לוּלָבִין שֶׁל דֶּקֶל הָיוּ מֻקָּפוֹת. וְאוֹמֵר אֲנִי, שֶׁלֹּא מָנָה אוֹתָן שְׁתֵּי אַמּוֹת הַתַּחְתּוֹנוֹת בְּסוֹף הַסֵּפֶר, לְפִי שֶׁהָיוּ שָׁווֹת לָעַמּוּד, וְהָעַמּוּד תָּחוּב בְּכוֹתֶרֶת שְׁתֵּי אַמּוֹת.
17Nets of checker-work, wreaths of chain-work, for the chapiters which (were) upon the top of the pillars; seven for the one chapiter, and seven for the other chapiter.   יזשְׂבָכִ֞ים מַעֲשֵֹ֣ה שְׂבָכָ֗ה גְּדִלִים֙ מַעֲשֵֹ֣ה שַׁרְשְׁר֔וֹת לַכֹּ֣תָרֹ֔ת אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־רֹ֣אשׁ הָעַמּוּדִ֑ים שִׁבְעָה֙ לַכֹּתֶ֣רֶת הָאֶחָ֔ת וְשִׁבְעָ֖ה לַכֹּתֶ֥רֶת הַשֵּׁנִֽית:
Nets of checker-work. The nets which they had were similar to a type of head covering [or cap] which is called cofea (in O.F.).   שְׂבָכִים מַעֲשֵׂה שְׂבָכָה.  הַשְּׂבָכוֹת שֶׁהָיָה לָהֶם, דּוֹמֶה כְּמִין כִּפָּה, שֶׁקּוֹרִין קויפ"א.
Checker-work. Heb. מעשה שבכה. They were encompassed by forms of branches of a palm tree, as in Job (18:8) “and he walks upon a snare (שבכה).” [These branches were designed like meshwork,] and the wreaths [which were braided and twisted together] as chain work.   מַעֲשֵׂה שְׂבָכָה.  מֻקָּפוֹת הָיוּ צוּרוֹת שֶׁל לוּלָבֵי דֶּקֶל, כְּמוֹ: וְעַל שְׂבָכָה יִתְהַלָּךְ, וּגְדִילִים הָיוּ לָהֶם כְּמַעֲשֵׂה שַׁרְשְׁרָאוֹת.
Seven for the one chapiter. There were seven branches in each encircling design for each checker-work.   שִׁבְעָה לַכֹּתֶרֶת הָאֶחָת.  שִׁבְעָה לוּלָבִין הָיָה לְהֶקֵּף אֶחָד לִשְׂבָכָה אַחַת.
18And he made the pillars; and two rows round about upon the one net-work, to cover the chapiters that (were) upon the top, with pomegranates; and so he did for the other chapiter.   יחוַיַּ֖עַשׂ אֶת־הָעַמּוּדִ֑ים וּשְׁנֵי֩ טוּרִ֨ים סָבִ֜יב עַל־הַשְּׂבָכָ֣ה הָאֶחָ֗ת לְכַסּ֚וֹת אֶת־הַכֹּֽתָרֹת֙ אֲשֶׁר֙ עַל־רֹ֣אשׁ הָֽרִמֹּנִ֔ים וְכֵ֣ן עָשָֹ֔ה לַכֹּתֶ֖רֶת הַשֵּׁנִֽית:
And two rows. Of pomegranates and of brass. The pomegranates were inserted into the chain work which encircled the chapiters, thus is this explained in Chronicles II (3:16) and in the Mishnah of The Forty-Nine Measurements.   וּשְׁנֵי טוּרִים.  שֶׁל רִמּוֹנִים וְשֶׁל נְחשֶׁת, הָרִמּוֹנִים תְּחוּבִים בְּשַׁרְשְׁרוֹת הַמַּקִּיפוֹת אֶת הַכּוֹתֶרֶת, כָּךְ מְפֹרָשׁ בְּדִבְרֵי הַיָּמִים, וּבְמִשְׁנַת אַרְבָּעִים וְתֵשַׁע מִדּוֹת.
To cover the chapiters that were upon the top, with pomegranates. [Literally, ‘that were upon the top of the pomegranates’ but] this verse is in a disarranged order. [It should read as follows, that] ‘the pomegranates should cover the chapiters which were on the top.’ And thus were the chapiters made according to the order of the apparent translation of the verses. Each one was in the form of two bowls. The receptacle of the lower bowl was facing upward and it is called גוּלָה, a bowl, as it is said in this subject (7:41) וְגוּלֹתהַכֹּתָרוֹת, and Jonathan rendered this ‘and the bowls of the chapiters.’ The upper bowl was inverted on the lower one, its receptacle was facing downward, and this was שְׂבָכָה, a net, as it is said in this subject (7:41), “and the two net-works to cover the two bowls of the chapiters.” It is, [therefore,] found that in the place of attachment it is wide, and it slopes going upward and [then] slopes going downward, and this [place of attachment] is called a stomach, and thus did Jonathan translate מִלְעֻמַת הַבֶּטֶן (7:20) ‘against the place of attachment.’ And the height of these two bowls was four cubits, and this is what he said (7:19) “lily work in the porch four cubits.” These [bowls] were decorated inside with the likes of flowers of lilies, in the same manner of decorations which were on the wall of the porches. [This occupied] four cubits [of the five cubits] in height, and the fifth cubit was a small chapiter on [top of] the big one. This is what was said (7:2) “And there were chapiters above [also] upon the two pillars.”   לְכַסּוֹת אֶת הַכֹּתֶרֶת אֲשֶׁר עַל רֹאשׁ הָרִמֹּנִים.  הֲרֵי זֶה מִקְרָא מְסֹרָס, לְכַסּוֹת הָרִמּוֹנִים אֶת הַכּוֹתָרוֹת אֲשֶׁר עַל הָרֹאשׁ, וְכֵן הָיוּ הַכּוֹתָרוֹת עֲשׂוּיוֹת לְפִי סֵדֶר מַשְׁמָעוּת הַמִּקְרָאוֹת: כְּמִין שְׁנֵי אַגָּנִים הָיְתָה כָּל אַחַת, אַגַּן הַתַּחְתּוֹן בֵּית קִבּוּלָהּ לְמַעְלָה, וְהוּא קָרוּי 'גֻּלָּה', כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמוּר בָּעִנְיָן: וְגֻלֹּת הַכּוֹתָרוֹת, וְתִרְגְּמוֹ יוֹנָתָן: אַגָּנֵי קְרוֹנְתְּוָן. הָעֶלְיוֹן כָּפוּי עַל הַתַּחְתּוֹן, בֵּית קִבּוּלוֹ לְמַטָּה, וְהִיא קְרוּיָה 'שְׂבָכָה' כְּמָה שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בְּעִנְיָן זֶה: וְהַשְּׂבָכוֹת שְׁתַּיִם לְכַסּוֹת אֶת שְׁתֵּי גֻלֹּת הַכּוֹתָרוֹת. נִמְצָא רְחָבָה בְּמָקוֹם הַדָּבֵק, וּמְשֻׁפַּעַת וְעוֹלָה, וּמְשֻׁפַּעַת וְיוֹרֶדֶת, וְהוּא קָרוּי בֶּטֶן. וְכֵן תִּרְגֵּם יוֹנָתָן מִלְּעֻמַּת הַבֶּטֶן, מִלָּקֳבֵל דִּבְקָא. וְגֹבַהּ שְׁתֵּי הָאַגָּנוֹת הָאֵלֶּה אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת, וְזֶהוּ שֶׁאָמַר: וּמַעֲשֵׂה שׁוֹשָׁן בָּאוּלָם אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת. מְצֻיָּרוֹת הָיוּ בָּם כְּמִין פִּרְחֵי שׁוֹשַׁנִּים, כְּדֶרֶךְ הַצִּיּוּרִין בְּכֹתֶל הָאוּלָמוֹת, אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת גֹּבַהּ, וְהָאַמָּה הַחֲמִישִׁית, הִיא כּוֹתֶרֶת קְטַנָּה לְמַעְלָה מִן הַגְּדוֹלָה, הוּא שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וְכוֹתֶרֶת עַל שְׁנֵי הָעַמּוּדִים.
19And the chapiters that (were) upon the top of the pillars (were) of lily work in the porch, four cubits.   יטוְכֹֽתָרֹ֗ת אֲשֶׁר֙ עַל־רֹ֣אשׁ הָעַמּוּדִ֔ים מַעֲשֵֹ֖ה שׁוּשַׁ֣ן בָּֽאוּלָ֑ם אַרְבַּ֖ע אַמּֽוֹת:
20And (there were) chapiters above also upon the two pillars, over against the belly which (was) by the net-work; and the pomegranates (were) two hundred in rows round about upon each chapiter.   כוְכֹתָרֹ֗ת עַל־שְׁנֵי֙ הָֽעַמּוּדִ֔ים גַּם־מִמַּ֙עַל֙ מִלְּעֻמַּ֣ת הַבֶּ֔טֶן אֲשֶׁ֖ר לְעֵ֣בֶר הַשְּׂבָכָ֑ה (כתיב שְּׂבָכָ֑ה) וְהָרִמּוֹנִ֚ים מָאתַ֙יִם֙ טֻרִ֣ים סָבִ֔יב עַ֖ל הַכֹּתֶ֥רֶת הַשֵּׁנִֽית:
Above also… over against the belly. which is beyond the net-work, at the end of the net-work, at its rim, that is at the middle, at the place where it is attached, that the upper net-work is attached to the bowl which is beneath it.   גַּם מִמַּעַל מִלְּעֻמַּת הַבֶּטֶן.  שֶׁהוּא לְעֵבֶר הַשְּׂבָכָה, בְּסוֹף הַשְּׂבָכָה בְּשׁוּלֶיהָ, הוּא בָּאֶמְצַע בִּמְקוֹם הַדֶּבֶק (שֶׁעַל הַשְּׂבָכָה) (צָרִיךְ לוֹמַר: שֶׁהַשְּׂבָכָה) מְדֻבֶּקֶת בַּגֻּלָּה אֲשֶׁר תַּחְתֶּיהָ.
And the pomegranates were two hundred. Pomegranates made in two rows around, strung together on a chain and encompassing the network.   וְהָרִמּוֹנִים מָאתַיִם.  רִמּוֹנִים עֲשׂוּיִין שְׁתֵּי טוּרִים סָבִיב, מְחֹרָזִים בְּשַׁלְשֶׁלֶת, וּמַקִּיפִין אֶת הַשְּׂבָכָה.
Upon each chapiter. This, too, is an abbreviated sentence. [It means,] ‘On the one, and likewise, on the second.’   עַל הַכֹּתֶרֶת הַשֵּׁנִית.  אַף זֶה מִקְרָא קָצָר, עַל הָאַחַת, וְכֵן עַל הַשְּׁנִיָּה.
21And he set up the pillars in the porch of the temple; and he set up the right pillar, and called the name thereof Jachin; and he set up the left pillar, and called the name thereof Boaz.   כאוַיָּ֙קֶם֙ אֶת־הָֽעַמֻּדִ֔ים לְאֻלָ֖ם הַֽהֵיכָ֑ל וַיָּ֜קֶם אֶת־הָעַמּ֣וּד הַיְמָנִ֗י וַיִּקְרָ֚א אֶת־שְׁמוֹ֙ יָכִ֔ין וַיָּ֙קֶם֙ אֶת־הָעַמּ֣וּד הַשְּׂמָאלִ֔י וַיִּקְרָ֥א אֶת־שְׁמ֖וֹ בֹּֽעַז:
22And upon the top of the pillars (was) lily-work; so was the work of the pillars finished.   כבוְעַ֛ל רֹ֥אשׁ הָעַמּוּדִ֖ים מַעֲשֵֹ֣ה שׁוֹשָׁ֑ן וַתִּתֹּ֖ם מְלֶ֥אכֶת הָעַמּוּדִֽים:
And upon the top of the pillars was lily work. A half cubit at the top of each pillar its wall was as thin as a lily, and the rest of the pillar its thickness was four fingers and hollow. Therefore, this cubit was not counted [a half cubit of each pillar] in the description of the pouring of the brass for the pillars in Chronicles II (3:15) because it was not similar to the work of the rest of the pillars.   וְעַל רֹאשׁ הָעַמּוּדִים מַעֲשֵׂה שׁוֹשָן.  חֲצִי אַמָּה בְּרֹאשׁ כָּל אֶחָד הָיָה כָּתְלוֹ דַּק כְּשׁוֹשָׁן, וּשְׁאָר הָעַמּוּד עָבְיוֹ אַרְבַּע אֶצְבָּעוֹת נָבוּב, לְכָךְ לֹא נִמְנֵית אוֹתָהּ אַמָּה בִּיצִיקַת הָעַמּוּדִים בְּדִבְרֵי הַיָּמִים, לְפִי שֶׁלֹּא הָיְתָה שָׁוָה לִמְלֶאכֶת הָעַמּוּד.
23And he made the molten sea, ten cubits from brim to brim; it (was) round all about, and the height thereof (was) five cubits; and a line of thirty cubits did compass it round about.   כגוַיַּ֥עַשׂ אֶת־הַיָּ֖ם מוּצָ֑ק עֶ֣שֶׂר בָּ֠אַמָּה מִשְּׂפָת֨וֹ עַד־שְׂפָת֜וֹ עָגֹ֣ל | סָבִ֗יב וְחָמֵ֚שׁ בָּֽאַמָּה֙ קוֹמָת֔וֹ וְקָו֙ (כתיב וְקָוה֙) שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים בָּֽאַמָּ֔ה יָסֹ֥ב אֹת֖וֹ סָבִֽיב:
Ten cubits from brim to brim. Through the middle, since the diameter of every round object is through the middle.   עֶשֶׂר בָּאַמָּה מִשְּׂפָתוֹ עַד שְׂפָתוֹ.  בְּאֶמְצָעִיתוֹ, שֶׁכָּל רֹחַב כְּלִי עָגֹל, בְּאֶמְצָעִיתוֹ הוּא.
And a line of thirty. This is what was said: All that have three handbreadths in its circumference have one handbreadth in its diameter. [Here, too,] its circumference was thirty and its diameter ten, and from its midst he pressures [this].   וְקָו שְׁלשִׁים בָּאַמָּה.  זֶהוּ שֶׁאָמְרוּ: כָּל שֶׁיֵּשׁ בְּהֶקֵּפוֹ שְׁלשָׁה טְפָחִים יֵשׁ בּוֹ רֹחַב טֶפַח, הֶקֵּפוֹ שְׁלשִׁים, וְרָחְבּוֹ עֶשֶׂר, וּמִתּוֹכוֹ הוּא מוֹדֵד.
The height thereof. [Meaning] its depth. And in Chronicles II (4:6) he says that he made it for the priests to bathe in [when they are unclean and] to immerse [themselves] in it [for ritual purification].   קוֹמָתוֹ.  עָמְקוֹ, וּבְדִבְרֵי הַיָּמִים הוּא אוֹמֵר, שֶׁעֲשָׂאוֹ לִרְחִיצַת הַכֹּהֲנִים לִטְבֹּל בְּתוֹכוֹ.
24And under the brim (there were) knops compassing it round about, for ten cubits, compassing the sea round about; the knops (were) cast in two rows, when it was cast.   כדוּפְקָעִים֩ מִתַּ֨חַת לִשְׂפָת֚וֹ | סָבִיב֙ סֹבְבִ֣ים אֹת֔וֹ עֶשֶׂר בָּֽאַמָּ֔ה מַקִּפִ֥ים אֶת־הַיָּ֖ם סָבִ֑יב שְׁנֵ֚י טוּרִים֙ הַפְּקָעִ֔ים יְצֻקִ֖ים בִּיצֻקָתֽוֹ:
And… there were knops. Jonathan rendered וּפְקָעִים: and the form of eggs.   וּפְקָעִים.  וְצוּרַת בֵּיעִין, תִּרְגֵּם יוֹנָתָן.
Under the brim. The knops were located in the lower three cubits which were square, for so did we learn in the tractate Eruvin (14b) “The three lower ones were square and the two upper ones were round,” and it will be impossible for you to contain two thousand measures (of בת) (7:26) which equal one hundred and fifty ritual baths of purity containing forty measures (of סאה) [in each], except in this manner explained by our Sages in Eruvin. It is impossible to say the upper ones were square and the lower ones round, for it is written “its brim was round all about” (7:23) [indicating it was the top which was round]. He, therefore, says by these knops “for ten cubits compassing the sea round about” because in the place that it was square, a perimeter of forty cubits has ten cubits on each side, but in the place that it is round it is impossible to say it has ten cubits on each side around.   מִתַּחַת לִשְׂפָתוֹ.  בְּשָׁלשׁ אַמּוֹת תַּחְתּוֹנוֹת שֶׁהָיוּ מְרֻבָּעוֹת, שֶׁכָּךְ שָׁנִינוּ בַּגְּמָרָא דְּעֵרוּבִין: שָׁלשׁ תַּחְתּוֹנוֹת מְרֻבָּעוֹת, וּשְׁתַּיִם עֶלְיוֹנוֹת עֲגֻלּוֹת, וְאִי אֶפְשָׁר לוֹ לְהָכִיל אַלְפַּיִם בַּת שֶׁהֵם מֵאָה וַחֲמִשִּׁים מִקְוֵה טָהֳרָה אַרְבָּעִים, אֶלָּא בְּעִנְיָן זֶה כְּמוֹ שֶׁפֵּרְשׁוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ בְּעֵרוּבִין, עֶלְיוֹנוֹת מְרֻבָּעוֹת וְהַתַּחְתּוֹנוֹת עֲגֻלּוֹת, אִי אֶפְשָׁר לוֹמַר, דְּכִי כְּתִיב שְׂפָתוֹ עָגֹל סָבִיב, לְכָךְ הוּא אוֹמֵר בַּפְּקָעִים הַלָּלוּ עֶשֶׂר בָּאַמָּה מַקִּיפִין אֶת הַיָּם סָבִיב, שֶׁבִּמְקוֹם רִבּוּעוֹ (הֶקֵּפוֹ) אַרְבָּעִים אַמָּה, עֶשֶׂר אַמָּה לְכָל רוּחַ, אֲבָל בִּמְקוֹם עִגּוּלוֹ אִי אֶפְשָׁר לוֹמַר עֶשֶׂר בָּאַמָּה סָבִיב.
The knops were cast in two rows, when it was cast. Everything, [the sea and the knops,] was poured together. [It was] not [made in a manner] that he attached the knops to it after they had been poured, through nails or through soldering which is called soldedure; soudure in O.F.   שְׁנֵי טוּרִים הַפְּקָעִים יְצֻקִים בִּיצֻקָתוֹ.  הַכֹּל מוּצָק יַחַד, לֹא שֶׁחִבֵּר לוֹ אֶת הַפְּקָעִים אַחַר יְצִיקָתָן עַל יְדֵי מַסְמֵרוֹת אוֹ עַל יְדֵי דֶּבֶק, שֶׁקּוֹרִין שולדר"א בְּלַעַ"ז (הַלְחָמָה, רִתּוּךְ).
25It stood on twelve oxen, three looking toward the north, and three looking toward the west, and three looking toward the south, and three looking toward the east; and the sea (was set) upon them above, and all their hinder parts (were) inward.   כהעֹמֵ֞ד עַל־שְׁנֵ֧י עָשָֹ֣ר בָּקָ֗ר שְׁלשָׁ֣ה פֹנִ֣ים | צָפ֡וֹנָה וּשְׁלשָׁה֩ פֹנִ֨ים | יָ֜מָּה וּשְׁלשָׁ֣ה | פֹּנִ֣ים נֶ֗גְבָּה וּשְׁלשָׁה֙ פֹּנִ֣ים מִזְרָ֔חָה וְהַיָּ֥ם עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם מִלְמָ֑עְלָה וְכָל־אֲחֹֽרֵיהֶ֖ם בָּֽיְתָה:
And all their hinder parts. Of these oxen.   וְכָל אֲחֹרֵיהֶם.  שֶׁל בְּקָרִים הַלָּלוּ.
Were inward. Their hinder parts were facing towards the bottom of the sea, the three which were in the north towards those in the south, and those in the east towards those in the west.   בָּיְתָה.  אֶל תַּחַת הַיָּם הָיוּ אֲחוֹרֵיהֶם פּוֹנִים, [שְׁלשָׁה] (שְׁנַיִם) שֶׁבַּצָּפוֹן לִקְרַאת שֶׁבַּדָּרוֹם, וְשֶׁל מִזְרָח כְּנֶגֶד שֶׁל מַעֲרָב.
26And it (was) a hand-breadth thick, and the brim thereof (was) wrought like the brim of a cup, with flowers of lilies; it contained two thousand measures.   כווְעָבְי֣וֹ טֶ֔פַח וּשְׂפָת֛וֹ כְּמַעֲשֵֹ֥ה שְׂפַת־כּ֖וֹס פֶּ֣רַח שׁוֹשָׁ֑ן אַלְפַּ֥יִם בַּ֖ת יָכִֽיל:
And it was a hand-breadth thick. [At] its bottom and its walls, except that at its edge it was thin and beaten out and hammered, wrought like the brim of a cup which we drink from, and decorated with flowers and lilies.   וְעָבְיוֹ טֶפַח.  שׁוּלָיו וּדְפָנוֹתָיו, אֶלָּא שֶׁאֵצֶל פִּיו הָיָה דַּק וּמְרֻקָּע וּמְרֻדָּד, כְּמַעֲשֵׂה שְׂפַת כּוֹס שֶׁשּׁוֹתִין בּוֹ, וּמְצֻיָּר פֶּרַח וְשׁוֹשָׁן.
Two thousand measures. Six thousand measures of סְאָה are found to be one hundred fifty ritual baths of purity. Four thousand measures equal one hundred ritual baths, and the two thousand equal fifty ritual baths. And even were you to divide everything according to the measurements by which the Sages measured, a cubit squared by three cubits high for each ritual bath, you will find it to be the same. [The lower part of] the [sea was] three cubits [high by ten cubits] square, [which] equal [one hundred square cubits equaling] one hundred ritual baths. [The upper part of] the [sea was] two cubits [high and] round [with a diameter of ten cubits and contained sufficient water for] fifty ritual baths since the square is greater than the circle by one quarter. And in Chron. II (4:5) it is written “it contained three thousand measures?” Our Rabbis explained it refers to a dry measure, since the overflow was one third of the capacity of the receptacle.   אַלְפַּיִם בַּת.  שֵׁשֶׁת אֲלָפִים סְאִים, שֶׁהַבַּת שָׁלשׁ סְאִין, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: הָאֵיפָה וְהַבַּת תֹכֶן אֶחָד לָהֶם. נִמְצְאוּ חֲמִשִּׁים וּמֵאָה מִקְוֵה טָהֳרָה, הָאַרְבָּעִים מֵאוֹת, מֵאָה מִקְוָאוֹת, וְהָעֶשְׂרִים מֵאוֹת, חֲמִשִּׁים מִקְוָאוֹת. וְאַף כְּשֶׁתְּחַלֵּק הַכֹּל לְפִי מִדָּה שֶׁשִּׁעֲרוּ חֲכָמִים אַמָּה עַל אַמָּה בְּרוּם שָׁלשׁ אַמּוֹת לַמִּקְוֶה, תִּמְצֶאנָה כֵּן, שָׁלשׁ אַמּוֹת מְרֻבָּעוֹת, מֵאָה מִקְוָאוֹת, וּשְׁתַּיִם הָעֲגֻלּוֹת, חֲמִשִּׁים מִקְוָאוֹת, שֶׁהַמְּרֻבָּע יָתֵר עַל הָעִגּוּל רְבִיעִית. וּבְדִבְרֵי הַיָּמִים כְּתִיב: בַּתִּים שְׁלשֶׁת אֲלָפִים יָכִיל, וּפִירְשׁוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ בְּמִדַּת הַיָּבֵשׁ, שֶׁהַגֹּדֶשׁ הָיָה שְׁלִישׁ בְּבֵית הַקִּבּוּל.
27And he made the ten bases of copper; four cubits (was) the length of one base, and four cubits its breadth, and three cubits its height.   כזוַיַּ֧עַשׂ אֶת־הַמְּכֹנ֛וֹת עֶ֖שֶׂר נְח֑שֶׁת אַרְבַּ֣ע בָּאַמָּ֗ה אֹרֶךְ הַמְּכוֹנָ֣ה הָֽאֶחָ֔ת וְאַרְבַּ֚ע בָּֽאַמָּה֙ רָחְבָּ֔הּ וְשָׁל֥שׁ בָּאַמָּ֖ה קוֹמָתָֽהּ:
And three cubits its height. of the base. The height of the wheel upon which it rests was a cubit and a half, and the height of the base was a cubit and a half. The cubit of the height was square but the half cubit was round, as it says (7: 35) “And in the top of the base there was a round compass of half a cubit high.”   וְשָׁלשׁ בָּאַמָּה קוֹמָתָהּ.  שֶׁל מְכוֹנָה, לְבַד קוֹמַת הָאוֹפַן (פֵּרוּשׁ: חוּץ מִן הַכַּן גּוּפָהּ) שֶׁהִיא יוֹשֶׁבֶת עָלָיו, אַמָּה וַחֲצִי אַמָּה, וְגֹבַהּ הַמְּכוֹנָה אַמָּה וָחֵצִי (אַרְבַּע בָּאַמָּה אֹרֶךְ וְגוֹ') הָאַמָּה גֹּבַהּ הָיְתָה מְרֻבַּעַת, אֲבָל חֲצִי הָאַמָּה הָיְתָה עֲגֻלָּה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וּבְרֹאשׁ הַמְּכוֹנָה חֲצִי הָאַמָּה קוֹמָה עָגֹל סָבִיב.
28And the work of the bases (was) in this (manner); they had borders, and the borders (were) between the ledges.   כחוְזֶ֛ה מַעֲשֵֹ֥ה הַמְּכוֹנָ֖ה מִסְגְּרֹ֣ת לָהֶ֑ם וּמִסְגְּרֹ֖ת בֵּ֥ין הַשְׁלַבִּֽים:
They had borders. I saw in the Mishnah of Forty-Nine Measurements (See 7:16).   מִסְגְּרֹת לָהֶם.  רָאִיתִי בַּמִּשְׁנָה אַרְבָּעִים וְתֵשַׁע מִדּוֹת, הַמִּסְגְּרוֹת כְּמִין טַבְלָאוֹת.
They had borders. The borders were from the axle of one wheel to the axle of the other wheel. And יַד הָאוֹפָן is the wood which is inserted into the wheel, in the hole, and it is called ajjsel, essieu in O.F. (axle). And the four wheels of the bases had borders on this side and borders on the other side, on all four sides; and it was four cubits wide between one and the other, and above there were blocks, such as boards against the borders, and the ledges were from the lower borders to the upper ones, [since] there were other borders between the ledges, like the work of the legs of the bed of the villagers which are not round but protruding (should read בּוֹלֵט) in order to decorate them with lions and cherubim. And I say, that these ledges were like the rungs of a ladder, a sort of brass rods standing on the borders. There were two or three rods. The borders were set between one rod and the other, [connected] from one ledge to the other. Jonathan, too, rendered this שליביא, ledges.   מִסְגְּרוֹת לָהֶם.  הַמִּסְגְּרוֹת מִיַּד אוֹפַן לְיַד אוֹפָן, וְיַד אוֹפַן, הוּא עֵץ הַתָּחוּב בְּתוֹךְ הָאוֹפַן בַּנֶּקֶב, וְקָרוּי איישי"ל בְּלַעַ"ז (צִיר שֶׁל גַּלְגַּל). וְאַרְבָּעָה הָאוֹפַנִּים בַּמְּכוֹנָה, מִסְגְּרוֹת מִכָּאן וּמִסְגְּרוֹת מִכָּאן, מֵאַרְבָּעָה צְדָדִין, וּבֵין זוֹ לָזוֹ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת רֹחַב, וּמִלְּמַעְלָה 'סְרָנִים', כְּמוֹ 'נְסָרִים ', מוּל הַמִּסְגְּרוֹת, וְהַשְּׁלַבִּים מִן הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה לָעֶלְיוֹנָה. וּמִסְגְּרוֹת אֲחֵרוֹת. בֵּין הַשְּׁלַבִּים. כְּעֵין מְלֶאכֶת כַּרְעֵי הַמִּטָּה שֶׁל בְּנֵי כְּפָר, שֶׁאֵינָן עֲגֻלִּים אֶלָּא בּוֹלֵט, לָצוּר בָּהֶם אֲרָיוֹת וּכְרוּבִים. וְאוֹמֵר אֲנִי, שֶׁהַשְּׁלַבִּים הַלָּלוּ כְּעֵין שְׁלִיבוֹת סֻלָּם, כְּמִין מַקְלוֹת נְחשֶׁת זְקוּפִין עַל הַמִּסְגְּרוֹת הַתַּחְתּוֹנָה, כִּשְׁנַיִם וּשְׁלשָׁה בֵּין מַקֵּל לְמַקֵּל, מִסְגְּרוֹת קְבוּעוֹת מִשְּׁלִיבָה לִשְׁלִיבָה. וְיוֹנָתָן תִּרְגֵּם: שְׁלִיבַיָּא.
29And on the borders that (were) between the ledges (were) lions, oxen, and cherubim; and on the ledges (there was) a base above; and beneath the lions and oxen (were) wreaths of thin work.   כטוְעַֽל־הַמִּסְגְּר֞וֹת אֲשֶׁ֣ר | בֵּ֣ין הַשְׁלַבִּ֗ים אֲרָי֚וֹת | בָּקָר֙ וּכְרוּבִ֔ים וְעַל־הַשְׁלַבִּ֖ים כֵּ֣ן מִמָּ֑עַל וּמִתַּ֙חַת֙ לַאֲרָי֣וֹת וְלַבָּקָ֔ר לֹי֖וֹת מַעֲשֵֹ֥ה מוֹרָֽד:
And on the ledges which were between the borders. Were decorated with forms of lions, forms of oxen and cherubim.   וְעַל הַמִּסְגְּרוֹת אֲשֶׁר בֵּין הַשְּׁלַבִּים.  הָיוּ מְצֻיָּרוֹת צוּרוֹת אֲרָיוֹת, צוּרוֹת בְּקָרִים וּכְרוּבִים.
And on the ledges there was a base. כֵּן is a base, to place the laver on it, above the border which was on their top.   וְעַל הַשְּׁלַבִּים כֵּן.  בָּסִיס, לְהוֹשִׁיב הַכִּיּוֹר עָלָיו, מִלְּמַעְלָה לַמִּסְגֶּרֶת אֲשֶׁר עַל רֹאשָׁם.
And beneath the lions and oxen. Which were embroidered or attached on the [outer] borders which were between the ledges.   וּמִתַּחַת לַאֲרָיוֹת וְלַבָּקָר.  הַמְרֻקָּמִין עַל הַמִּסְגְּרוֹת שֶׁבֵּין הַשְּׁלַבִּים.
Wreaths. a form resembling a male and female joined together.   לֹיוֹת מַעֲשֵׂה מוֹרָד.  לֹיוֹת, כְּמִין זָכָר וּנְקֵבָה מְחֻבָּרִין זֶה בָּזֶה.
Of thin work. Hammered, resembling the hammering of a thin metal plate. They did not protrude with its thickness nor were they engraved in a depression, and Jonathan rendered מוֹרָד לוֹיוֹתמַעַשֵׂה, ‘joined, the work of a welder’, souldriz in O.F.   מַעֲשֵׂה מוֹרָד.  מְרֻדָּדִין, כְּמִין רִדּוּד טַס דַּק, וְאֵין בּוֹלְטִין בְּעָבְיוֹ, וְלֹא חֲקוּקִים בְּשִׁקּוּעַ. וְיוֹנָתָן תִּרְגֵּם לֹיוֹת מַעֲשֵׂה מוֹרָד: מַדְבַּק עוֹבַד כִּבּוּשׁ, שולדור"ש בְּלַעַ"ז (רִתּוּךְ).
30And each base had four copper wheels, and tablets of copper, and the four corners thereof had undersetters; under the laver the undersetters were molten, at the side of each (were) wreaths.   לוְאַרְבָּעָה֩ אוֹפַנֵּ֨י נְח֜שֶׁת לַמְּכוֹנָ֚ה הָֽאַחַת֙ וְסַרְנֵ֣י נְח֔שֶׁת וְאַרְבָּעָ֥ה פַעֲמֹתָ֖יו כְּתֵפֹ֣ת לָהֶ֑ם מִתַּ֚חַת לַכִּיֹּר֙ הַכְּתֵפ֣וֹת יְצֻק֔וֹת מֵעֵ֥בֶר אִ֖ישׁ לֹיֽוֹת:
And four wheels. Two in the front and two in the back of the manner of the large wagons.   וְאַרְבָּעָה אוֹפַנֵּי.  שְׁנַיִם לְפָנֶיהָ וּשְׁנַיִם לְאַחֲרֶיהָ, כְּדֶרֶךְ הָעֲגָלוֹת הַגְּדוֹלוֹת.
And tablets of copper. Jonathan rendered וְנִסְרִין דִנְחַשׁ [boards of brass,] they are the upper boards which were against the borders.   וְסַרְנֵי נְחשֶׁת.  יוֹנָתָן תִּרְגֵּם: וְנִסְרִין דִּנְחַשׁ, הֵם הַנְּסָרִים הָעֶלְיוֹנִים מוּל הַמִּסְגְּרוֹת.
Tablets. Heb. סַרְנֵי is like נְסָרִים.   סַרְנֵי.  כְּמוֹ נְסָרִים.
And the four corners thereof. Of the כֵּן which was above them.   וְאַרְבַּע פַּעֲמֹתָיו.  שֶׁל כַּן שֶׁעֲלֵיהֶם.
They had undersetters. They protruded above the boards in the corners of the כֵּן. And under the laver which rested upon the כֵּן the undersetters were molten, [not soldered.] (Other editions have: this teaches us, that the undersetters came from the כֵּן in one pouring, and the undersetters supported the laver so that it should not fall down through the כֵּן.)   כְּתֵפֹת לָהֶם.  בּוֹלְטוֹת לְמַעְלָה מִן הַנְּסָרִים בְּזָוִיּוֹת הַכַּן. וְתַחַת הַכִּיּוֹר הַיּוֹשֵׁב עַל הַכַּן, הָיוּ הַכְּתֵפוֹת יְצוּקוֹת (סְפָרִים אֲחֵרִים: לְלַמֵּד שֶׁמִּתּוֹךְ הַכַּן הָיוּ הַכְּתֵפוֹת יוֹצְאוֹת בִּיצִיקָה אַחַת, וְהַכְּתֵפוֹת מַחֲזִיקוֹת לַכִּיּוֹר שֶׁלֹּא יִפֹּל לְמַטָּה לְתוֹךְ הַכַּן).
At the side of each were wreaths. At the side of each of the undersetters there was a joining of a male and female decorated. מעבר איש is like איש אל אחיו, “One to another” (Exodus 25:20) which is said by the cherubim. [Here too איש means ‘each one.’   מֵעֵבֶר אִישׁ לֹיוֹת.  מִצַּד כָּל אֶחָד מִן הַכְּתֵפוֹת, הָיָה לֹיוֹת שֶׁל זָכָר וּנְקֵבָה מְצֻיָּרוֹת. מֵעֵבֶר אִישׁ. כְּמוֹ אִישׁ אֶל אָחִיו הָאֲמוּרִים בַּכְּרוּבִים.
31And the mouth of it within the chapiter and above (was) a cubit, and the mouth thereof (was) round (after) the work of a base, a cubit and a half; and also upon its mouth (were) gravings, and their borders (were) foursquare, not round.   לאוּ֠פִיהוּ מִבֵּ֨ית לַכֹּתֶ֚רֶת וָמַ֙עְלָה֙ בָּֽאַמָּ֔ה וּפִ֙יהָ֙ עָגֹ֣ל מַעֲשֵׂה־כֵ֔ן אַמָּ֖ה וַחֲצִ֣י הָֽאַמָּ֑ה וְגַם־עַל־פִּ֙יהָ֙ מִקְלָע֔וֹת וּמִסְגְּרֹתֵיהֶ֥ם מְרֻבָּע֖וֹת לֹ֥א עֲגֻלּֽוֹת:
And the mouth of it within the chapiter and above was a cubit. The mouth of the כֵּן extends outward of the mouth of the chapiter and goes upward a cubit high. And the chapiter is the roof [of the base]. The base is made resembling a hat, sloping on all sides, and in the center a round hole is set, one and one half cubit wide in diameter, and around that hole a resemblance of an enclosure of a fence one half cubit high around. And thus is this explained further on (7:35) in this subject, as it is said, “And in the top of the base there was a round compass of half a cubit high” and that is called “the mouth” of the chapiter. And the כֵּן rests on that enclosure, and the bottom of the כֵּן is inserted into the mouth of the enclosure, and protrudes one cubit above it. And this is what he said here, “And the mouth of it within the chapiter and above was a cubit.”   וּפִיהוּ מִבֵּית לַכֹּתֶרֶת וָמַעְלָה בָּאַמָּה.  פִּיהוּ שֶׁל כַּן, יוֹצֵא מִתּוֹךְ פִּיהוּ שֶׁל כּוֹתֶרֶת, וְעוֹלֶה לְמַעְלָה אַמָּה גֹּבַהּ, וְהַכּוֹתֶרֶת הִיא גַּג הַמְּכוֹנָה עָשׂוּי כְּמִין כּוֹבַע מְשֻׁפָּע מִכָּל צְדָדָיו, וּבְאֶמְצַע נִקְבַּעַת נֶקֶב עָגֹל אַמָּה וַחֲצִי אַמָּה רֹחַב בֶּעָגוֹל, וּסְבִיב אוֹתוֹ נֶקֶב כְּמִין הֶקֵּף מְחִצָּה, חֲצִי אַמָּה גֹּבַהּ סָבִיב, וְכָךְ מְפֹרָשׁ לְמַטָּה בָּעִנְיָן, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וּבְרֹאשׁ הַמְּכוֹנָה חֲצִי אַמָּה קוֹמָה עָגֹל סָבִיב. וְהוּא קָרוּי 'פִּי הַכּוֹתֶרֶת', וְהַכַּן מֻנָּח עַל אוֹתוֹ הֶקֵּף, וְשׁוּלֵי הַכַּן תְּחוּבִין בְּתוֹךְ פִּי הַהֶקֵּף, וּלְמַעְלָה הֵימֶנּוּ הוּא בּוֹלֵט אַמָּה, וְזֶהוּ שֶׁאָמַר כָּאן: וּפִיהוּ מִבַּיִת לַכּוֹתֶרֶת וּמַעְלָה בָּאַמָּה.
And the mouth thereof was round after the work of a base. And the mouth of the chapiter was round as the example of the כֵּן, which was round at the bottom.   וּפִיהָ עָגֹל מַעֲשֵׂה כֵן.  וּפִיהָ שֶׁל כּוֹתֶרֶת עָגֹל, דֻּגְמַת כַּן הֶעָגֹל.
A cubit and a half. Its width in diameter.   אַמָּה וַחֲצִי הָאַמָּה.  רָחְבָּהּ בֶּעָגוֹל.
And also upon its mouth were gravings. Forms of flowers.   וְגַם עַל פִּיה מִקְלָעוֹת.  צוּרַת פְּרָחִים.
32And the four wheels (were) underneath the borders, and the axeltrees of the wheels (were) in the base; and the height of each wheel (was) a cubit and half a cubit.   לבוְאַרְבַּ֣עַת הָאֽוֹפַנִּ֗ים לְמִתַּ֙חַת֙ לַֽמִּסְגְּר֔וֹת וִיד֥וֹת הָאֽוֹפַנִּ֖ים בַּמְּכוֹנָ֑ה וְקוֹמַת֙ הָאוֹפַ֣ן הָאֶחָ֔ד אַמָּ֖ה וַחֲצִ֥י הָאַמָּֽה:
And the four wheels were underneath the borders. Since the borders [reached] from the axle of one wheel to the axle of the other wheel as I have explained [previously].   וְאַרְבַּעַת הָאוֹפַנִּים לְמִתַּחַת לַמִּסְגְּרוֹת.  שֶׁהַמִּסְגְּרוֹת מִיַּד אוֹפַן לְיַד אוֹפַן, כְּמוֹ שֶׁפֵּרַשְׁתִּי.
And the axeltrees of the wheels. That is the wood which is inserted into the wheels and is called essieu in O.F. (axle).   וִידוֹת הָאוֹפַנִּים.  הוּא עֵץ הַתָּחוּב בָּאוֹפַנִּים, וְקוֹרִין איישי"ל (צִיר שֶׁל גַּלְגַּל).
Were in the base. The axles were joined and melted to the base in one pouring.   בַּמְּכוֹנָה.  דְּבוּקִים מְצוּקִים בַּמְּכוֹנָה בִּיצִיקָה אַחַת.
33And the work of the wheels (was) like the work of a chariot wheel; their axeltrees, and their naves, and their felloes, and their spokes, (were) all molten.   לגוּמַֽעֲשֵׂה֙ הָא֣וֹפַנִּ֔ים כְּמַעֲשֵֹ֖ה אוֹפַ֣ן הַמֶּרְכָּבָ֑ה יְדוֹתָ֣ם וְגַבֵּיהֶ֗ם וְחִשֻּׁקֵיהֶ֛ם וְחִשֻּׁרֵיהֶ֖ם הַכֹּ֥ל מוּצָֽק:
Was like the work of a chariot wheel. Jonathan renders, as the work of the wheels of a chariot, a wheel within a wheel crosswise, as he said in Ezekiel (10:10) in [reference to the vision of] the heavenly chariot.   כְּמַעֲשֵׂה אוֹפַן הַמֶּרְכָּבָה.  תִּרְגֵּם יוֹנָתָן: כְּעוֹבַד גִּלְגְּלֵי מֶרְכָּבָה, אוֹפַן בְּתוֹךְ הָאוֹפַן שְׁתִי וָעֶרֶב, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמַר בִּיחֶזְקֵאל, בַּמֶּרְכָּבָה גָבוֹהַּ.
Their axeltrees. Essieu moyeux in O.F.   יְדוֹתָם.  איישי"ל (צִיר שֶׁל גַּלְגַּל).
And their naves. Bojjols in O.F., they are the holes for the axles.   וְגַבֵּיהֶם.  בוייל"ש בְּלַעַ"ז (טַבּוּר הַגַּלְגַּל), הֵם הַנְּקָבִים.
And their felloes. They are the enclosures around, which bind them together.   וְחִשֻּׁקֵיהֶם.  הֵם עֲגֻלִּים סָבִיב, שֶׁהוּא קִשּׁוּרָן.
And their spokes. The arms of the wheels which are attached from the holes of the wheel to the other rim, which is called rajjs; rais in O.F.   וְחִשֻּׁרֵיהֶם.  זְרוֹעוֹת הָאוֹפַנִּים, הַתְּחוּבִים מִגַּבֵּיהֶם לְחִשּׁוּקֵיהֶם, שֶׁקּוֹרִין ריי"ש בְּלַעַ"ז (חִישׁוּרִים).
34And (there were) four undersetters at the four corners of each base; the undersetters (were) of the base itself.   לדוְאַרְבַּ֣ע כְּתֵפ֔וֹת אֶל אַרְבַּ֣ע פִּנּ֔וֹת הַמְּכֹנָ֖ה הָֽאֶחָ֑ת מִן־הַמְּכֹנָ֖ה כְּתֵפֶֽיהָ:
And there were four undersetters. As I have explained above (7:30) “and the four corners thereof and undersetters,” and he did not mention it here except to say “the undersetters were of the base itself.”   וְאַרְבַּע כְּתֵפוֹת.  כְּמוֹ שֶׁפֵּרַשְׁתִּי לְמַעְלָה, וְאַרְבַּע פַּעֲמוֹתָיו כְּתֵפוֹת לָהֶם, וְלֹא שְׁנָאָן כָּאן אֶלָּא לוֹמַר וּמִן הַמְּכוֹנָה כְּתֵפֶיהָ.
35And in the top of the base (there was) a round compass of half a cubit high; and on the top of the base its ledges and its borders (were one piece) of it.   להוּבְרֹ֣אשׁ הַמְּכוֹנָ֗ה חֲצִ֧י הָאַמָּ֛ה קוֹמָ֖ה עָגֹ֣ל | סָבִ֑יב וְעַ֨ל רֹ֚אשׁ הַמְּכֹנָה֙ יְדֹתֶ֔יהָ וּמִסְגְּרֹתֶ֖יהָ מִמֶּֽנָּה:
There was a round compass of half a cubit high. This is [a reference to] the partition, as I explained above, (7:31), which was around the opening [on top of the base], and the [uppermost] cubit [of the chapiter] was square.   חֲצִי הָאַמָּה קוֹמָה עָגֹל.  הִיא מְחִצָּה, כְּמוֹ שֶׁפֵּרַשְׁתִּי לְמַעְלָה, שֶׁהִיא סְבִיב הַנֶּקֶב וְהָאַמָּה מְרֻבַּעַת.
And on the top of the base its ledges. They are the tablets of brass which were mentioned above. (7:30).   וְעַל רֹאשׁ הַמְּכוֹנָה יְדֹתֶיהָ.  הֵם סַרְנֵי הַנְּחשֶׁת הָאֲמוּרִים לְמַעְלָה.
And its borders were one piece of it. The lower borders were poured together with it [and was therefore all one piece], and he did not attach them afterwards.   וּמִסְגְּרֹתֶיהָ מִמֶּנָּה.  מִסְגְּרוֹת הַתַּחְתּוֹנוֹת הוּצְקוּ עִמָּהּ, וְלֹא שֶׁחִבְּרָן לְאַחַר כֵּן.
36And he graved on the tablets, on its ledges, and on its borders, cherubim, lions, and palm trees, according to the attachment of each, with wreaths round about.   לווַיְפַתַּ֚ח עַל־הַלֻּחֹת֙ יְדֹתֶ֔יהָ וְעַל֙ מִסְגְּרֹתֶ֔יהָ (כתיב ומִסְגְּרֹתֶ֔יהָ) כְּרוּבִ֖ים אֲרָי֣וֹת וְתִמֹרֹ֑ת כְּמַֽעַר־אִ֥ישׁ וְלֹי֖וֹת סָבִֽיב:
And he graved on the tablets, on its ledges and on its borders. On the lower ones. On both of them, [on the ledges and on the borders,] he engraved and inscribed cherubim, lions (and palm trees, this is not [found] in other editions).   וַיְפַתַּח עַל הַלֻּחֹת יְדֹתֶיהָ וְעַל מִסְגְּרֹתֶיהָ.  הַתַּחְתּוֹנוֹת עַל שְׁנֵיהֶם, פִּתַּח וְחָקַק כְּרוּבִים אֲרָיוֹת.
According to the attachment of each with wreaths. He engraved around the likeness of a male and female that are joined by their arms, thus did our Sages explain this.   כְּמַעַר אִישׁ וְלֹיוֹת.  פִּתַּח סָבִיב כְּזָכָר וּנְקֵבָה הַחֲבוּקִים בִּזְרוֹעוֹתֵיהֶן, כֵּן פֵּרְשׁוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ.
According to the attachment. The word במער is an expression of attachment and joining, as a male which is coupled with a female, and its meaning is ‘a man and his attachment.’ According to its ordinary sense, לוֹיוֹת is an expression of attachment; soldore in O.F. This will be translated as ‘there were attachments that were made as the joining of a man,’ and the joining was in the manner we explained [at the beginning of this comment].   כְּמַעַר.  לְשׁוֹן אֲחִיזָה וְדִבּוּק, כְּזָכָר הַמְּעוּרֶה בַּנְּקֵבָה, וּפֵרוּשׁוֹ: אִישׁ וְלוֹיוֹתוֹ. וּלְפִי מַשְׁמָעוּתוֹ 'לוֹיוֹת' לְשׁוֹן 'דִּבּוּק', שולדור"א בְּלַעַ"ז (הַלְחָמָה, רִתּוּךְ), כְּמוֹ לוֹיוֹת הָיוּ שָׁם, עֲשׂוּיוֹת כִּמְעָרַת אִישׁ, וְהַמְּעָרֶה כְּמוֹ שֶׁפֵּרַשְׁנוּ.
37After this (manner) he made the ten bases (there was) one casting, one measure, and one size to all of them.   לזכָּזֹ֣את עָשָֹ֔ה אֵ֖ת עֶ֣שֶׂר הַמְּכֹנ֑וֹת מוּצָ֨ק אֶחָ֜ד מִדָּ֥ה אַחַ֛ת קֶ֥צֶב אֶחָ֖ד לְכֻלָּֽהְנָה:
One casting. As he cast the first base, he similarly cast them all. The following is an explanation from the author of ‘The Temple Structure’:   מוּצָק אֶחָד.  כְּשֵׁם שֶׁיָּצַק אֶת הָרִאשׁוֹנָה, כֵּן יָצַק אֶת כֻּלָּם.
And the work of the base was in this manner. He made four copper wheels as it says (7:30) “And each base had four copper wheels” as the form of a large wagon. And the height of each wheel was a cubit and a half. And the work of the wheels was like the work of a chariot wheel, a wheel within a wheel, so that he may be able to move them wherever the spirit or will may be to move them there, and move them without being necessary to turn it over this way or that. And the distance which is from one wheel to the next from east to west was four cubits and likewise from north to south, for it was square, not long like our wagons. And this is what he said, (7:27) “four cubits [was] the length of the base, and four cubits the breadth thereof.” A thick and long rod was inserted into the two wheels which were from east to west, the northern ones. And so also, as in those wheels which were in these, a rod placed and inserted in those which were from the north to the south, the eastern ones, and so also in the western ones. And the verse called these rods יָדוֹת, and this is what he said וִידוֹתֵיהֶם And the meaning of וְגַבֵּיהֶם, that is the hub of the wheels in which these rods turn. And they are called גַב, a little hill, because that is the highest part of the wheel when it is lying on the ground. And likewise the hub of all round objects is its highest point, because all sides are drawn from it. And the meaning of וְחִשֻׁקֵיהֶם, they are the outer circles which bind together חִשֻׁרֵיהֶם which are the thing pieces of wood, resembling arms, which are inserted and placed from the hub to the rim, and this is from the expression, “and their fillets were of silver” (Exodus 27:10), and that is the wheel which rolls on the ground, and we are accustomed to make a circular piece of metal around it and it is called in the language of the Mishna in Chpater XI of the Tractate Kelim סוֹבֵב שֶׁל גַּלְגַל but here the סוֹבֵב was not necessary, because it was all made of copper. And מִסְגָרוֹת means a sort of tablet was made for them above the axles in the four corners in a square, and this is what he said “and their borders were foursquare not round” (7:31) and they enclosed the wagon on its four sides, [and was] therefore called מִסְגָרוֹת, enclosures. And on these borders or enclosures were boards of copper נְסָרִים which the verse called סַרְנֵי נְחוֹשֶׁת and this word סַרְנֵי is a word of disarranged letters. And on them, that is, on the outside and not on top, it was made as the rungs of a ladder; and between one rung and the other [there were] other borders, and on them was the form of oxen (7:29). And the boards went up beyond the borders until it [reached] opposite the height of the wheels, [they were continuously] sloping like a pointy hat and resembling the covering of a covered wagon, until they reached opposite the height of the wheel, and there they were drawn together until they covered it, except above the center they did not cover, but there was a round hole in them. Its diameter was a cubit and a half. This covering was called כּוֹתֶרֶת and the hole which is in it הַכּוֹתֶרֶת פִּי and this is what he said (7:31) “and the mouth thereof was round after the work of a base, a cubit and a half.” And around this hole a partition goes up a half cubit in height, and this is what he said (7:35) “and in the top of the base there was a round compass of half a cubit high.” And into this partition the כֵּן is entered and inserted, for the כֵּן is a receptacle which receives the laver, since the laver is inserted into the כֵּן and the כֵּן is in the midst of this partition which is on the wagon. And the lower half cubit of the כֵּן was round in the same measurement of the height of the partition which is on the round hole which is in the base on top. And the כֵּן rises above this partition one cubit, and this what was said, (7:31) “and the mouth of it within the chapiter and above was a cubit.” And therefore, we have three cubits in the total height of the base, since the wheel was a cubit and a half, and the round partition was a half cubit, and the cubit which the height of the כֵּן protrudes over it, and this cubit is square. And it had four undersetters in its four corners, and this is what the verse said, (7:34) “and there were four undersetters at etc. of each base, the undersetters were of the base itself,” because the lower part of the laver was slanting at the bottom so that it should fit into the כֵּן and in order that it should not fall into it more than the desired amount, therefore these undersetters were made, to carry and support it. This ends the quotation of ‘The Temple Structure.’  
38And he made ten lavers of brass, each laver contained forty measures, and every laver (was) four cubits; one laver upon each of the ten bases.   לחוַיַּ֛עַשׂ עֲשָׂרָ֥ה כִּיֹּר֖וֹת נְח֑שֶׁת אַרְבָּעִ֨ים בַּ֜ת יָכִ֣יל | הַכִּיּ֣וֹר הָאֶחָ֗ד אַרְבַּ֚ע בָּֽאַמָּה֙ הַכִּיּ֣וֹר הָאֶחָ֔ד כִּיּ֚וֹר אֶחָד֙ עַל־הַמְּכוֹנָ֣ה הָאַחַ֔ת לְעֶ֖שֶׂר הַמְּכֹנֽוֹת:
And he made ten lavers. It is written in Chron. II (4:6) “such things as belonged to the burnt offering they washed in them.”   וַיַּעַשׂ עֲשָׂרָה כִיֹּרוֹת.  כְּתִיב בְּדִבְרֵי הַיָמִים: אֶת מַעֲשֵׂה הָעֹלָה יָדִיחוּ בָם.
39And he set the bases, five on the right side of the house, and five on the left side of the house; and he set the sea on the right side of the house eastward, toward the south.   לטוַיִּתֵּן֙ אֶת־הַמְּכֹנ֔וֹת חָמֵ֞שׁ עַל־כֶּ֚תֶף הַבַּ֙יִת֙ מִיָּמִ֔ין וְחָמֵ֛שׁ עַל־כֶּ֥תֶף הַבַּ֖יִת מִשְּׂמֹאל֑וֹ וְאֶת־הַיָּ֗ם נָתַ֞ן מִכֶּ֨תֶף הַבַּ֧יִת הַיְמָנִ֛ית קֵ֖דְמָה מִמּ֥וּל נֶֽגֶב:
On the side of the house. Against the right side of the house.   עַל כֶּתֶף הַבַּיִת.  כְּנֶגֶד כֶּתֶף הַבַּיִת הַיְמָנִית.
On the right side of the house. It [was in the southeast corner,] extended [along the eastern wall,] from the south side toward the north side. And the following is: קֵדְמָה מוּל נֶגֶב, the northeast corner against the space which is between the northern wall of the house and the wall of the court. And the northern wall [alone,] is called מִמוּל נֶגֶב, extended and removed far away from the south, and מוּל and מִמוּל are not translated the same.   מִכֶּתֶף הַבַּיִת הַיְמָנִית.  מָשׁוּךְ מִצַּד דָּרוֹם לְצַד צָפוֹן, וְזֶה קֵדְמָה מוּל נֶגֶב, מִקְצוֹעַ מִזְרָחִית צְפוֹנִית, כְּנֶגֶד הָאֲוִיר שֶׁבֵּין כֹּתֶל צְפוֹנִי שֶׁל בַּיִת לְצַד כֹּתֶל הָעֲזָרָה, וְצַד צְפוֹנִי קָרוּי מִמּוּל נֶגֶב, מָשׁוּךְ וּמְרֻחָק מִן הַדָּרוֹם, וְאֵין 'מוּל' וּ'מִמּוּל' שָׁוִין בְּפִתָּרוֹן.
40And Hiram made the lavers, and the shovels, and the basins. And Hiram finished doing all the work which he did for king Solomon (in) the house of the Lord.   מוַיַּ֣עַשׂ חִיר֔וֹם אֶת־הַ֨כִּיֹּר֔וֹת וְאֶת־הַיָּעִ֖ים וְאֶת־הַמִּזְרָק֑וֹת וַיְכַ֣ל חִירָ֗ם לַֽעֲשׂוֹת֙ אֶת־כָּל־הַמְּלָאכָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשָֹ֛ה לַמֶּ֥לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֖ה בֵּ֥ית יְהֹוָֽה:
And Hiram made etc.. And Rebbi said, the כִּיוֹרוֹת and the סִירוֹת (7:15) are one and the same, [meaning pots or pans,] as we read in the Scriptures, “like a pan of fire among wood” (Zecharia 12:6) and likewise “and he struck it into the pan” (Samuel I 2:14).   וַיַּעַשׂ חִירוֹם וְגוֹ'.  וְאָמַר רַבִּי, הַכִּירוֹת הֵן הֵן סִירוֹת, כְּמָה דְּאַתְּ אָמַר: כְּכִיּוֹר אֵשׁ בְּעֵצִים; וְכֵן: וְהִכָּה בַכִּיּוֹר.
The lavers. They were of copper, [and were used] to remove the ashes therein from the altar.   הַכִּיֹּרוֹת.  שֶׁל נְחשֶׁת, לְדַשֵּׁן אֶת הַמִּזְבֵּחַ.
The shovels. copper shovels which they call, vedil and shauffel in Germany. They were used to rake the ashes with them into the pots.   הַיָּעִים.  מַגְרֵפוֹת שֶׁל נְחשֶׁת, שֶׁקּוֹרִין ווידו"ל (יָעֶה, מַגְרֵפָה) בְּאַשְׁכְּנַז, לַחֲתוֹת בָּהֶן דֶּשֶׁן בְּתוֹךְ הַסִּירוֹת.
41The two pillars, and the two bowls of the chapiters that (were) on the top of the pillars; and the two net-works, to cover the two bowls of the chapiters which (were) on the top of the pillars.   מאעַמֻּדִ֣ים שְׁנַ֔יִם וְגֻלֹּ֧ת הַכֹּתָרֹ֛ת אֲשֶׁר־עַל־רֹ֥אשׁ הָֽעַמֻּדִ֖ים שְׁתָּ֑יִם וְהַשְּׂבָכ֣וֹת שְׁתַּ֔יִם לְכַסּ֗וֹת אֶת־שְׁתֵּי֙ גֻּלּ֣וֹת הַכֹּֽתָרֹ֔ת אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־רֹ֥אשׁ הָעַמּוּדִֽים:
42And the four hundred pomegranates for the two net-works, two rows of pomegranates for each net-work, to cover the two bowls of the chapiters that (were) upon the pillars.   מבוְאֶת־הָרִמֹּנִ֛ים אַרְבַּ֥ע מֵא֖וֹת לִשְׁתֵּ֣י הַשְּׂבָכ֑וֹת שְׁנֵֽי־טוּרִ֚ים רִמֹּנִים֙ לַשְּׂבָכָ֣ה הָֽאֶחָ֔ת לְכַסּ֗וֹת אֶת־שְׁתֵּי֙ גֻּלֹּ֣ת הַכֹּֽתָרֹ֔ת אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הָעַמּוּדִֽים:
Two rows of pomegranates. [There were] one hundred pomegranates in each row hanging by chains.   שְׁנֵי טוּרִים רִמּוֹנִים.  מֵאָה רִמּוֹנִים בְּטוּר, חֲרוּזִים בְּשַׁרְשְׁרוֹת.
43And the ten bases, and the ten lavers on the bases.   מגוְאֶת־הַמְּכֹנ֖וֹת עָ֑שֶׂר וְאֶת־הַכִּיֹּרֹ֥ת עֲשָׂרָ֖ה עַל־הַמְּכֹנֽוֹת:
44And the one sea, and the twelve oxen under the sea.   מדוְאֶת־הַיָּ֖ם הָאֶחָ֑ד וְאֶת־הַבָּקָ֥ר שְׁנֵים־עָשָֹ֖ר תַּ֥חַת הַיָּֽם:
45And the pots, and the shovels, and the basins, and all these vessels, which Hiram made for king Solomon (in) the house of the Lord, (were) of bright copper.   מהוְאֶת־הַסִּיר֨וֹת וְאֶת־הַיָּעִ֜ים וְאֶת־הַמִּזְרָק֗וֹת וְאֵת֙ כָּל־הַכֵּלִ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה (כתיב הָאֵ֔הֶל) אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשָֹ֥ה חִירָ֛ם לַמֶּ֥לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֖ה בֵּ֣ית יְהֹוָ֑ה נְח֖שֶׁת מְמֹרָֽט:
46In the plain of the Jordan did the king cast them, in the thick clay, between Succoth and Tsarethan.   מובְּכִכַּ֚ר הַיַּרְדֵּן֙ יְצָקָ֣ם הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ בְּמַעֲבֵ֖ה הָאֲדָמָ֑ה בֵּ֥ין סֻכּ֖וֹת וּבֵ֥ין צָרְתָֽן:
Did the king cast them. He melted them and poured them according to their form.   יְצָקָם.  הִתִּיכָם וְהִצִּיקָם כְּתַבְנִיתָם.
In the thick clay. [As the Targum renders:] בְּעוֹבֵי גִרְגַשְׁתָּא in the thickness of the clay.   בְּמַעֲבֵה הָאֲדָמָה.  תַּרְגּוּם: בְּעוֹבֵי גַּרְגִּשְׁתָּא.
47And Solomon left all the vessels (unweighed), because (there were) very very many; (therefore) the weight of the copper was not found out.   מזוַיַּנַּ֚ח שְׁלֹמֹה֙ אֶת־כָּל־הַכֵּלִ֔ים מֵרֹ֖ב מְאֹ֣ד מְאֹ֑ד לֹ֥א נֶחְקַ֖ר מִשְׁקַ֥ל הַנְּחֽשֶׁת:
And Solomon left. He refrained from weighing the weight of these vessels because there were very many, and [therefore] ceased to count their weight.   וַיַּנַּח שְׁלֹמֹה.  מִלִּשְׁקֹל אֶת מִשְׁקַל הַכֵּלִים הָאֵלֶּה מֵרֹב מְאֹד וְחָדַל לִסְפֹּר מִשְׁקָלָם.
48And Solomon made all the vessels of that (were) in the house of the Lord; the altar of gold, and the table whereupon the showbread (was), of gold.   מחוַיַּ֣עַשׂ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה אֵת כָּל־הַכֵּלִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֖ר בֵּ֣ית יְהֹוָ֑ה אֵת מִזְבַּ֣ח הַזָּהָ֔ב וְאֶת־הַשֻּׁלְחָ֗ן אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָלָ֛יו לֶ֥חֶם הַפָּנִ֖ים זָהָֽב:
49And the candlesticks, five on the right (side), and five on the left, before the Sanctuary, of pure gold; and the flowers, and the lamps, and the tongs, of gold.   מטוְאֶת־הַ֠מְּנֹרוֹת חָמֵ֨שׁ מִיָּמִ֜ין וְחָמֵ֧שׁ מִשְּׂמֹ֛אל לִפְנֵ֥י הַדְּבִ֖יר זָהָ֣ב סָג֑וּר וְהַפֶּ֧רַח וְהַנֵּרֹ֛ת וְהַמֶּלְקָחַ֖יִם זָהָֽב:
Five on the right side and five on the left. It is impossible to say [these] five were on the right side of the entrance and [the other] five were on the left of the entrance, for if so, we will find a candlestick on the north side and the Torah states, [specifically, the candlestick should be] on the south side of the tabernacle. Therefore, Moses’ [candlestick] was in the middle, five on its right [side] and five on its left.   חָמֵשׁ מִיָּמִין וְחָמֵשׁ מִשְּׂמֹאל.  אִי אֶפְשָׁר לוֹמַר חָמֵשׁ מִימִין הַפֶּתַח וְחָמֵשׁ מִשְּׂמֹאל הַפֶּתַח, אִם כֵּן מָצִינוּ מְנוֹרָה בַּצָּפוֹן, וְהַתּוֹרָה אָמְרָה: עַל יֶרֶךְ הַמִּשְׁכָּן תֵּימָנָה, אֶלָּא שֶׁל משֶׁה בָּאֶמְצַע, חָמֵשׁ מִימִינָהּ, וְחָמֵשׁ מִשְּׂמֹאלָהּ.
And the flowers. Of the candlestick.   וְהַפֶּרַח.  שֶׁל מְנוֹרָה.
And the lamps. [These are] the cups into which the oil and wicks are put.   וְהַנֵּרֹת.  בָּזִיכִין שֶׁנּוֹתְנִין בָּהֶן הַשֶּׁמֶן וְהַפְּתִילָה.
And the tongs. With which the wick is lifted out of the oil.   וְהַמֶּלְקָחַיִם.  שֶׁמְּרִימִים בָּהֶן אֶת הַפְּתִילָה מִתּוֹךְ הַשֶּׁמֶן.
50And the bowls, and the musical instruments, and the basins, and the spoons, and the censors, of pure gold; and the hinges, for the doors of the inner house, the most holy (place), (and) for the doors of the house, (that is) of the temple, of gold.   נוְ֠הַסִּפּוֹת וְהַֽמְזַמְּר֧וֹת וְהַמִּזְרָק֛וֹת וְהַכַּפּ֥וֹת וְהַמַּחְתּ֖וֹת זָהָ֣ב סָג֑וּר וְהַפֹּת֡וֹת לְדַלְתוֹת֩ הַבַּ֨יִת הַפְּנִימִ֜י לְקֹ֣דֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁ֗ים לְדַלְתֵ֥י הַבַּ֛יִת לַהֵיכָ֖ל זָהָֽב:
And the bowls. some type of musical instruments, and similarly, מְזַמְרוֹת [means musical instruments].   וְהַסִּפּוֹת.  כְּלִי שֶׁל מִינֵי זֶמֶר הוּא, וְכֵן מְזַמְּרוֹת.
And the basins. To receive the blood.   וְהַמִּזְרָקוֹת.  לְקַבֵּל דָּם.
And the spoons. [To serve] as the vessels for frankincense.   וְהַכַּפּוֹת.  לְבָזִיכֵי לְבוֹנָה.
And the censers. [These were more in the form of a shovel or rake] to remove the ashes [from the altar], and [to rake] the coals and carry them from the outer altar, the מִזְבֵּח ַהַנְחוֹשֶׁת [in the court of the priests,] to the inner altar, the מִזְבֵּח ַהַזָהָב [in the temple, in order] to burn incense.   וְהַמַּחְתּוֹת.  לַחֲתוֹת בָּהֶן תְּרוּמַת הַדֶּשֶׁן וְגֶחָלִים לְהוֹלִיךְ מִמִּזְבֵּחַ הַחִיצוֹן לַמִּזְבֵּחַ הַפְּנִימִי לְהַקְטִיר קְטֹרֶת.
And the hinges. [These were] keys, I heard [that these were used] to open with them the locks [of the temple].   וְהַפֹּתוֹת.  מַפְתְּחוֹת, שָׁמַעְתִּי. שֶׁמְּפַתְּחִין בָּהֶם אֶת הַמַּנְעוּל.
For the doors of the inner house. Which is the most Holy of Holies [only the hinges were of gold, whereas the doors were of wood overlaid with gold].   לְדַלְתוֹת הַבַּיִת.  שֶׁהוּא קֹדֶשׁ קָדָשִׁים.
For the doors of the house. which is for the temple, all of their entrances were of gold.   לְדַלְתֵי הַבַּיִת.  שֶׁהוּא לַהֵיכָל, כָּל פִּתְחוֹתֵיהֶן הָיוּ זָהָב.
51And all the work that king Solomon had wrought in the house of the Lord was finished. And Solomon brought in the things which David his father had dedicated; the silver, and the gold, and the vessels, (and) put them in the treasuries of the house of the Lord.   נאוַתִּשְׁלַם֙ כָּל־הַמְּלָאכָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשָֹ֛ה הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֖ה בֵּ֣ית יְהֹוָ֑ה וַיָּבֵ֨א שְׁלֹמֹ֜ה אֶת־קָדְשֵׁ֣י | דָּוִ֣ד אָבִ֗יו אֶת־הַכֶּ֚סֶף וְאֶת־הַזָּהָב֙ וְאֶת־הַכֵּלִ֔ים נָתַ֕ן בְּאֹצְר֖וֹת בֵּ֥ית יְהֹוָֽה:
The things which David his father had dedicated. That which remained of the silver and gold dedicated by his father [he put into the treasuries of the house of the Lord]. But the Midrash explains that Solomon did not wish to use any of those dedicated materials for the construction of the house. And I heard from scholars of Israel who said [the reason was] because David knew [through prophetic inspiration] that eventually it would be destroyed. [David himself, therefore, begged that his materials should not be used,] so that the idol worshipping nations should not be able to say their idols are mightier for they took their revenge upon the house which was built of the [vast] plunder and destruction which David plundered from them. And others say [that the reason for his refusal was because] Solomon said thus; there was a famine in the days of his father for three consecutive years, and he should have squandered these dedicated materials to sustain therewith the poor people of Israel.   אֶת קָדְשֵׁי דָּוִד אָבִיו.  מַה שֶּׁנִּשְׁאַר מִכֶּסֶף וְזָהָב שֶׁהִקְדִּישׁ אָבִיו. וּמִדְרַשׁ אַגָּדָה: שֶׁלֹּא רָצָה שְׁלֹמֹה לָתֵת מֵאוֹתוֹ הֶקְדֵּשׁ לְבִנְיַן הַבַּיִת. וְשָׁמַעְתִּי מֵחַכְמֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁהָיוּ אוֹמְרִין: לְפִי שֶׁהָיָה יוֹדֵעַ שֶׁסּוֹפוֹ לֵחָרֵב, שֶׁלֹּא יִהְיוּ הָעוֹבְדֵי כּוֹכָבִים אוֹמְרִים, קָשָׁה יִרְאָתָם, שֶׁלָּקְחוּ נִקְמָתָם מִן הַבַּיִת, שֶׁנִּבְנָה מִן גְּזֵלוֹת וַחֲבָלוֹת שֶׁגָּזַל מֵהֶם דָּוִד. וְיֵשׁ אוֹמְרִים: כָּךְ אָמַר שְׁלֹמֹה, רָעָב הָיָה בִּימֵי אָבִיו שָׁלשׁ שָׁנִים, שָׁנָה אַחַר שָׁנָה, וְהָיָה לוֹ לְבַזְבֵּז הַהֶקְדֵּשׁוֹת הַלָּלוּ, לְהַחֲיוֹת בָּהֶן עֲנִיֵּי יִשְׂרָאֵל.